arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1703.09679astro-ph.SRastro-ph.COastro-ph.GAastro-ph.HE
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超新星iPTF13z的光变曲线

The bumpy light curve of supernova iPTF13z

A. Nyholm, J. Sollerman, F. Taddia, C. Fremling, T. J. Moriya, E. O. Ofek, A. Gal-Yam, A. De Cia, R. Roy, M. M. Kasliwal, Y. Cao, P. E. Nugent, F. J. Masci

摘要:

I In型超新星(SN)主要由SN喷出物与星周介质(CSM)的相互作用所控制。一些SNe IIn(例如,SN 2006 jd)在它们的光变曲线中有重新变亮(“颠簸”)的情节。我们提出了iPTF 13 z,一个SN IIn发现的中间帕洛玛瞬态工厂(iPTF)和其光变曲线的几个凸起的特点。我们分析这种特殊的行为,试图推断CSM和SN爆炸的性质,以及其祖星的性质。我们在帕洛玛天文台的P48和P60望远镜发现后获得了超过1000天的多波段光学测光。我们获得了同一时期的低分辨率光谱。我们做了一个原始爆发的档案搜索。我们分析了我们的光度和光谱,并比较iPTF 13 z与其他SNe IIn。一个简单的分析模型被用来估计CSM的属性。iPTF 13 z是SN IIn,在其下降阶段显示具有五个凸起的光变曲线。撞击的振幅在0.4到0.9等之间,持续时间在20到120天之间。最突出的隆起出现在我们所有不同的光学波段。光谱显示出典型的SN IIn特征,发射线为H $α$(具有宽的FWHM ~ $10^{3}-10^{4} ~{\rm ~km ~s^{-1}}$和窄的FWHM ~ $10^2 \rm ~km ~s^{-1}$)和He I,也具有Fe II、Ca II、Na I D和H $β$ P-Cygni轮廓(具有~ $10^{3}$ ${\rm ~km ~s^{-1}}$速度)。一次爆炸前的爆发被确认为持续了$\gtrsim 50$天,$M_r \approx -15$ mag在发现前约210天。得出了较大的、可变的祖细胞质量损失率(~> 0.01 $M_{\odot} \rm ~yr^{-1}$)和CSM密度(~> 10 $^{-16}$ g cm $^{-3}$)。我们认为,iPTF 13 z的光变曲线凸起产生于SN喷出物与CSM中较致密区域的相互作用,可能是由明亮的蓝色变星爆发产生的。

英文摘要:

A Type IIn supernova (SN) is dominated by the interaction of SN ejecta with the circumstellar medium (CSM). Some SNe IIn (e.g., SN 2006jd) have episodes of re-brightening ("bumps") in their light curves. We present iPTF13z, a SN IIn discovered by the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) and characterised by several bumps in its light curve. We analyse this peculiar behaviour trying to infer the properties of the CSM and of the SN explosion, as well as the nature of its progenitor star. We obtained multi-band optical photometry for over 1000 days after discovery with the P48 and P60 telescopes at Palomar Observatory. We obtained low-resolution optical spectra in the same period. We did an archival search for progenitor outbursts. We analyse our photometry and spectra, and compare iPTF13z to other SNe IIn. A simple analytical model is used to estimate properties of the CSM. iPTF13z was a SN IIn showing a light curve with five bumps during its decline phase. The bumps had amplitudes between 0.4 and 0.9 mag and durations between 20 and 120 days. The most prominent bumps appeared in all our different optical bands. The spectra showed typical SN IIn characteristics, with emission lines of H$α$ (with broad component FWHM ~$10^{3}-10^{4} ~{\rm ~km ~s^{-1}}$ and narrow component FWHM ~$10^2 \rm ~km ~s^{-1}$) and He I, but also with Fe II, Ca II, Na I D and H$β$ P-Cygni profiles (with velocities of ~$10^{3}$ ${\rm ~km ~s^{-1}}$). A pre-explosion outburst was identified lasting $\gtrsim 50$ days, with $M_r \approx -15$ mag around 210 days before discovery. Large, variable progenitor mass-loss rates (~> 0.01 $M_{\odot} \rm ~yr^{-1}$) and CSM densities (~> 10$^{-16}$ g cm$^{-3}$) are derived. We suggest that the light curve bumps of iPTF13z arose from SN ejecta interacting with denser regions in the CSM, possibly produced by the eruptions of a luminous blue variable star.

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