arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1503.02200cs.GT
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具有相关估值的序贯公布价格机制

Sequential Posted Price Mechanisms with Correlated Valuations

Marek Adamczyk, Allan Borodin, Diodato Ferraioli, Bart de Keijzer, Stefano Leonardi

摘要:

我们研究的收入表现顺序公布的价格机制和一些自然的扩展,一般设置的买家的估值是从一个相关的分布。顺序公布价格机制是概念上简单的机制,其工作原理是向每个买家提出一个接受或放弃的报价。我们应用顺序公布的价格机制,单参数多单元设置,每个买家只需要一个项目,该机制可以分配服务的买家在最多k。对于标准的顺序公布的价格机制,我们证明,与估值分布有有限的支持,没有顺序公布的价格机制可以提取一个恒定的比例的最优预期收入,即使有无限的供应。我们将这一结果推广到当各种标准假设同时成立时的连续估值分布的情况。事实上,通过连续公布价格机制可提取的最优收入的最佳部分与最高和最低可能估值的比率成比例。我们证明,对于这些机制的两个简单概括,可以实现更好的收入绩效:如果连续公布价格机制为每个买方提供了提出报价或询问买方估价的选择,则Omega可以提取最优收入的(1/max {1,d})部分,其中d表示估值的依赖程度,从完全独立(d = 0)到任意依赖(d = n-1)。此外,当我们进一步推广的顺序公布价格机制,使该机制有能力使一个take it-or-leave-it提供给第i个买家,这取决于所有买家的估值,除了i的,我们证明了一个常数的分数(2-sqrt {e})/4~0.088的最佳收益总是可以提取。

英文摘要:

We study the revenue performance of sequential posted price mechanisms and some natural extensions, for a general setting where the valuations of the buyers are drawn from a correlated distribution. Sequential posted price mechanisms are conceptually simple mechanisms that work by proposing a take-it-or-leave-it offer to each buyer. We apply sequential posted price mechanisms to single-parameter multi-unit settings in which each buyer demands only one item and the mechanism can assign the service to at most k of the buyers. For standard sequential posted price mechanisms, we prove that with the valuation distribution having finite support, no sequential posted price mechanism can extract a constant fraction of the optimal expected revenue, even with unlimited supply. We extend this result to the the case of a continuous valuation distribution when various standard assumptions hold simultaneously. In fact, it turns out that the best fraction of the optimal revenue that is extractable by a sequential posted price mechanism is proportional to ratio of the highest and lowest possible valuation. We prove that for two simple generalizations of these mechanisms, a better revenue performance can be achieved: if the sequential posted price mechanism has for each buyer the option of either proposing an offer or asking the buyer for its valuation, then a Omega(1/max{1,d}) fraction of the optimal revenue can be extracted, where d denotes the degree of dependence of the valuations, ranging from complete independence (d=0) to arbitrary dependence (d=n-1). Moreover, when we generalize the sequential posted price mechanisms further, such that the mechanism has the ability to make a take-it-or-leave-it offer to the i-th buyer that depends on the valuations of all buyers except i's, we prove that a constant fraction (2-sqrt{e})/4~0.088 of the optimal revenue can be always be extracted.

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