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arXiv 1503.00660quant-ph
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贝尔定理与决定论与非决定论问题

Bell's theorem and the issue of determinism and indeterminism

Michael Esfeld

摘要:

本文认为,量子理论与物体在普通时空中的确定性动力学,如玻姆力学,矛盾的假设,测量设置可以自由选择的EPR实验。这个假设是贝尔定理的前提之一。我首先认为,只有一个前提的效果,即什么决定了选择的测量设置是独立的,什么决定了过去的状态的测量系统是需要贝尔定理的推导。决定论本身并不破坏这种独立性(除非宇宙中存在某种特定的初始条件,这相当于阴谋)。只有纠缠才能做到。然而,在普适波函数水平上没有坍缩的一般纠缠可以与宇宙子系统的有效波函数一起出现,就像在玻姆力学中一样。本文认为,这种有效的波函数足以使上述独立性前提成立。

英文摘要:

The paper considers the claim that quantum theories with a deterministic dynamics of objects in ordinary space-time, such as Bohmian mechanics, contradict the assumption that the measurement settings can be freely chosen in the EPR experiment. That assumption is one of the premises of Bell's theorem. I first argue that only a premise to the effect that what determines the choice of the measurement settings is independent of what determines the past state of the measured system is needed for the derivation of Bell's theorem. Determinism as such does not undermine that independence (unless there are particular initial conditions of the universe that would amount to conspiracy). Only entanglement could do so. However, generic entanglement without collapse on the level of the universal wave function can go together with effective wave functions for subsystems of the universe, as in Bohmian mechanics. The paper argues that such effective wave functions are sufficient for the mentioned independence premise to hold.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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