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arXiv 1503.00111astro-ph.COgr-qchep-th
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宇宙学尺度下广义相对论的暗能量相关检验

Dark-energy dependent test of general relativity at cosmological scales

Yves Zolnierowski, Alain Blanchard

摘要:

$Λ$ CDM框架提供了一个非常好的描述我们的宇宙与一个非常少的自由参数,可以确定高精度从目前可用的数据。然而,这并不意味着相关的物理量,如宇宙的曲率,已经被直接测量。同样,广义相对论也是假设的,但没有经过检验。在背景水平上检验广义相对论与宇宙学的相关性,包括验证它的能量含量与空间曲率之间的关系。使用扩展的牛顿公式,我们提出了一种方法,这种关系可以被测试。利用最近对宇宙微波背景辐射、重子声学振荡和超新星哈勃图的测量,我们证明了广义相对论的预言在标准$Λ$ CDM假设的框架下得到了很好的验证,即能量含量仅由物质和暗能量组成,其形式为宇宙学常数或等效的真空贡献.然而,暗流体的实际状态方程不能直接从宇宙学观测中获得。我们发现放松暗能量的状态方程打开了一个很大的可能性区域,揭示了宇宙曲率和总能量含量之间的一种新型简并。

英文摘要:

The $Λ$CDM framework offers a remarkably good description of our universe with a very small number of free parameters, which can be determined with high accuracy from currently available data. However, this does not mean that the associated physical quantities, such as the curvature of the universe, have been directly measured. Similarly, general relativity is assumed, but not tested. Testing the relevance of general relativity for cosmology at the background level includes a verification of the relation between its energy contents and the curvature of space. Using an extended Newtonian formulation, we propose an approach where this relation can be tested. Using the recent measurements on cosmic microwave background, baryonic acoustic oscillations and the supernova Hubble diagram, we show that the prediction of general relativity is well verified in the framework of standard $Λ$CDM assumptions, i.e. an energy content only composed of matter and dark energy, in the form of a cosmological constant or equivalently a vacuum contribution. However, the actual equation of state of dark fluids cannot be directly obtained from cosmological observations. We found that relaxing the equation of state of dark energy opens a large region of possibilities, revealing a new type of degeneracy between the curvature and the total energy content of the universe.

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