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arXiv 1502.04051cond-mat.stat-mechastro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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长程相互作用系统中的温度反演

Temperature inversion in long-range interacting systems

Tarcisio N. Teles, Shamik Gupta, Pierfrancesco Di Cintio, Lapo Casetti

摘要:

自然界中会发生温度反转,例如,在太阳日冕和星际分子云中:有点违反直觉,系统中密度较高的部分比密度较低的部分更冷。我们提出了一种简单而有吸引力的方法来自发地产生长程相互作用的系统中的温度反演,通过准备他们在非均匀的热平衡状态,然后施加脉冲扰动。在类似的情况下,短程系统通常会松弛到另一个热平衡,具有均匀的温度分布。相比之下,在长程系统中,波粒相互作用和空间不均匀性之间的相互作用将系统驱动到非平衡定态,通常表现出温度反转。我们在一个简单的平均场模型和一个二维自引力系统中证明了这种机制。我们的工作强调了粒子间相互作用的范围在确定热平衡之外的稳态性质方面所起的关键作用。

英文摘要:

Temperature inversions occur in nature, e.g., in the solar corona and in interstellar molecular clouds: somewhat counterintuitively, denser parts of the system are colder than dilute ones. We propose a simple and appealing way to spontaneously generate temperature inversions in systems with long-range interactions, by preparing them in inhomogeneous thermal equilibrium states and then applying an impulsive perturbation. In similar situations, short-range systems would typically relax to another thermal equilibrium, with uniform temperature profile. By contrast, in long-range systems, the interplay between wave-particle interaction and spatial inhomogeneity drives the system to nonequilibrium stationary states that generically exhibit temperature inversion. We demonstrate this mechanism in a simple mean-field model and in a two-dimensional self-gravitating system. Our work underlines the crucial role the range of interparticle interaction plays in determining the nature of steady states out of thermal equilibrium.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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