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arXiv 1502.03291cond-mat.quant-gas
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从Lieb-Liniger模型理解一维多体物理

Understanding many-body physics in one dimension from the Lieb-Liniger model

Y. -Z. Jiang, Y. -Y. Chen, X. -W. Guan

摘要:

本文对Lieb-Liniger玻色气体这一典型可积模型从多体现象的合作性到集体性的各个方面作了初步的介绍[1]。在1963年Lieb和Liniger首先解决了这个量子场论多体问题使用贝特的假设,即一种特殊形式的波函数介绍了贝特在解决一维海森堡模型在1931年。尽管Lieb-Liniger模型可以说是最简单的精确可解模型,但它在数学可积性和物理普适性方面表现出丰富的量子多体物理。此外,对该模型的Yang-Yang巨正则系综描述使我们在多体物理水平上对量子统计、热力学和量子临界现象有了更深入的理解。近年来,这一精确求解模型的基础物理问题引起了越来越多的实验研究兴趣。自2004年以来,已有20多篇实验论文报道了实验室中对Lieb-Liniger模型不同物理方面的新观察。到目前为止,观察到的结果,迄今被认为是在良好的协议,使用这个最简单的精确求解模型的分析所获得的结果。这些实验观察揭示了可积性的独特之美。

英文摘要:

This article presents an elementary introduction on various aspects of the prototypical integrable model the Lieb-Liniger Bose gas ranging from the cooperative to the collective features of many-body phenomena [1]. In 1963 Lieb and Liniger first solved this quantum field theory many-body problem using the Bethe's hypothesis, i.e. a particular form of wave function introduced by Bethe in solving the one-dimensional Heisenberg model in 1931. Despite the Lieb-Liniger model is arguably the simplest exactly solvable model, it exhibits rich quantum many-body physics in terms of the aspects of mathematical integrability and physical universality. Moreover, the Yang-Yang grand canonical ensemble description for the model provides us with a deep understanding of quantum statistics, thermodynamics and quantum critical phenomena at the many-body physics level. Recently, such fundamental physics of this exactly solved model has been attracting growing interest in experiments. Since 2004, there have been more than 20 experimental papers that report novel observations of different physical aspects of the Lieb-Liniger model in the lab. So far the observed results to date are seen to be in excellent agreement with results obtained using the analysis of this simplest exactly solved model. Those experimental observations reveal the unique beauty of integrability.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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