We discuss Lie-Tresse theorem for the pseudogroup of diffeomorphisms acting on the space of (pseudo-)Riemannian metrics, and relate this to existence of Killing vector fields. Then we discuss the impact of symmetry in the general case.
We discover a fundamental exterior differential system of Riemannian geometry; indeed, an intrinsic and invariant global system of differential forms of degree $n$ associated to any given oriented Riemannian manifold $M$ of dimension $n+1$. The framework is that of the tangent sphere bundle of $M$. We generalise to a Riemannian setting some results from the theory of hypersurfaces in flat Euclidean space. We give new applications and examples of the associated Euler-Lagrange differential systems.
Let $M$ be a complete connected Riemannian manifold. Assuming that the Riemannian measure is doubling, we define Hardy spaces $H^p$ of differential forms on $M$ and give various characterizations of them, including an atomic decomposition. As a consequence, we derive the $H^p$-boundedness for Riesz transforms on $M$, generalizing previously known results. Further applications, in particular to $H^{\infty}$ functional calculus and Hodge decomposition, are given.
In this paper, we prove Perelman type $\mathcal{W}$-entropy formulae and global differential Harnack estimates for positive solutions to porous medium equation on the closed Riemannian manifolds with Ricci curvature bounded below. As applications, we derive Harnack inequalities and Laplacian estimates.
We define a new version of the exterior derivative on the basic forms of a Riemannian foliation to obtain a new form of basic cohomology that satisfies Poincaré duality in the transversally orientable case. We use this twisted basic cohomology to show relationships between curvature, tautness, and vanishing of the basic Euler characteristic and basic signature.
We briefly recall a fundamental exterior differential system introduced by the author and then apply it to the case of three dimensions. Here we find new global tensors and intrinsic invariants of oriented Riemaniann 3-manifolds. The system leads to a remarkable Weingarten type equation for surfaces on hyperbolic 3-space. An independent proof for low dimensions of the structural equations gives new insight on the intrinsic exterior differential system.
In this paper, we prove the Hamilton differential Harnack inequality for positive solutions to the heat equation of the Witten Laplacian on complete Riemannian manifolds with the $CD(-K, m)$-condition, where $m\in [n, \infty)$ and $K\geq 0$ are two constants. Moreover, we introduce the $W$-entropy and prove the $W$-entropy formula for the fundamental solution of the Witten Laplacian on complete Riemannian manifolds with the $CD(-K, m)$-condition and on compact manifolds equipped with $(-K, m)$-super Ricci flows.
We formulate stochastic partial differential equations on Riemannian manifolds, moving surfaces, general evolving Riemannian manifolds (with appropriate assumptions) and Riemannian manifolds with random metrics, in the variational setting of the analysis to stochastic partial differential equations. Considering mainly linear stochastic partial differential equations, we establish various existence and uniqueness theorems.
We study the existence of solutions of the non-linear differential equations on the compact Riemannian manifolds $(M^n,g), n\geq 2$, Δ_p u + a(x)u^{p-1} = λf(u,x), (E2) where $Δ_p$ is the $p-$laplacian, with $1<p<n$. The equation (E2) generalizes a equation considered by Aubin, where he has considered, a compact Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$, the differential equation ($p=2$) Δu + a(x)u = λf(u,x), (E1) where $a(x)$ is a $C^{\infty}$ function defined on $M$ and $f(u,x)$ is a $C^{\infty}$ function defined on $\mathbb{R}\times M$. We show that the equation (E2) has solution $(λ,u)$, where $λ\in \ma…
In the first part of this paper, we get new Li-Yau type gradient estimates for positive solutions of heat equation on Riemmannian manifolds with $Ricci(M)\ge -k$, $k\in \mathbb R$. As applications, several parabolic Harnack inequalities are obtained and they lead to new estimates on heat kernels of manifolds with Ricci curvature bounded from below. In the second part, we establish a Perelman type Li-Yau-Hamilton differential Harnack inequality for heat kernels on manifolds with $Ricci(M)\ge -k$, which generalizes a result of L. Ni \cite{NL1,NL4}. As applications, we obtain new Harnack inequali…
In this paper we study the existence of solutions for a class of non-linear differential equation on compact Riemannian manifolds. We establish a lower and upper solutions' method to show the existence of a smooth positive solution for the equation (EQ1) \begin{equation} \label{E4} Δu \ + \ a(x)u \ = \ f(x)F(u) \ + \ h(x)H(u), (EQ1) \end{equation} where \ $a, \ f, \ h$ \ are positive smooth functions on $M^n$, a $n-$dimensional compact Riemannian manifold, and \ $ F, \ H$ \ are non-decreasing smooth functions on $\mathbb{R}$. In \cite{djadli} the equation (EQ1) was studied when $F(u)=u^{2^{\as…
Submanifold theory is a very active vast research field which plays an important role in the development of modern differential geometry. This branch of differential geometry is still so far from being exhausted; only a small portion of an exceedingly fruitful field has been cultivated, much more remains to be discovered. In this article, the author provides a broad review of Riemannian submanifolds in differential geometry.
In this note we establish the large time non-negativity of the heat kernel for a class of elliptic differential operators on closed, Riemannian manifolds, and apply this result to a problem from conformal differential geometry.
Shape analysis and compuational anatomy both make use of sophisticated tools from infinite-dimensional differential manifolds and Riemannian geometry on spaces of functions. While comprehensive references for the mathematical foundations exist, it is sometimes difficult to gain an overview how differential geometry and functional analysis interact in a given problem. This paper aims to provide a roadmap to the unitiated to the world of infinite-dimensional Riemannian manifolds, spaces of mappings and Sobolev metrics: all tools used in computational anatomy and shape analysis.
In this paper we are concerned with a class of elliptic differential inequalities with a potential both on $\erre^m$ and on Riemannian manifolds. In particular, we investigate the effect of the geometry of the underlying manifold and of the behavior of the potential at infinity on nonexistence of nonnegative solutions.
Let $(G,Π_{G},\tilde{g})$ be a Poisson-Lie group equipped with a left invariant pseudo-Riemannian metric $\tilde{g}$ and let $(TG,Π_{TG},\tilde{g}^{c})$ be the Sanchez de Alvarez tangent Poisson-Lie group of $G$ equipped with the left invariant pseudo-Riemannian metric $\tilde{g}^{c}$, complete lift of $\tilde{g}$. In this paper, we express respectively the Levi-Civita connection, curvature and metacurvature of $(TG,Π_{TG},\tilde{g}^{c})$ in terms of the Levi-Civita connection, curvature and metacurvature of the basis Poisson-Lie group $(G,Π_{G},\tilde{g})$ and we prove that the space of diffe…
In this paper we establish a Gaffney type inequality, in $W^{\ell,p}$-Sobolev spaces, for differential forms on sub-Riemannian contact manifolds without boundary, having bounded geometry (hence, in particular, we have in mind non-compact manifolds). Here $p\in]1,\infty[$ and $\ell=1,2$ depending on the order of the differential form we are considering. The proof relies on the structure of the Rumin's complex of differential forms in contact manifolds, on a Sobolev-Gaffney inequality proved by Baldi-Franchi in the setting of the Heisenberg groups and on some geometric properties that can be pro…
We present a pair of open smooth $4$-manifolds that are mutually homeomorphic. One of them admits a Riemannian metric that possesses quasi-cylindricity, and positivity of scalar curvature and of dimension of certain $L^2$ harmonic forms. By contrast, for the other manifold, no Riemannian metric can simultaneously satisfy these properties. Our method uses Seiberg-Witten theory on compact $4$-manifolds and applies $L^2$ harmonic theory on non-compact, complete Riemannian $4$-manifolds. We introduce a new argument to apply Gauge theory, which arises from a discovery of an asymptotic property of t…
In this paper, we generalize Liouville type theorems for some semilinear partial differential inequalities to sub-Riemannian manifolds satisfying a nonnegative generalized curvature-dimension inequality introduced by Baudoin and Garofalo in [5]. In particular, our results apply to all Sasakian manifolds with nonnegative horizontal Webster-Tanaka-Ricci curvature. The key ingredient is to construct a class of "good" cut-off functions. We also provide some upper bounds for lifespan to parabolic and hyperbolic inequalities.
In these notes we study the Dirichlet problem for critical points of a convex functional of the form \[ F(u)=\int_Ωϕ\left( \left\vert \nabla u\right\vert \right) , \] where $Ω$ is a bounded domain of a complete Riemannian manifold $\mathcal{M}.$ We also study the asymptotic Dirichlet problem when $Ω=\mathcal{M}$ is a Cartan-Hadamard manifold. Our aim is to present a unified approach to this problem which comprises the classical examples of the $p-$Laplacian ($ϕ(s)=s^{p}$, $p>1)$ and the minimal surface equation ($ϕ(s)=\sqrt{1+s^{2}}$). Our approach does not use the direct method of the Calculu…
This is the original manuscript dated March 9th 1983, typeset by the Editors for the Proceedings of the Midwest Geometry Conference 2007 held in memory of Thomas Branson. Stephen Paneitz passed away on September 1st 1983 while attending a conference in Clausthal and the manuscript was never published. For more than 20 years these few pages were circulated informally. In November 2004, as a service to the mathematical community, Tom Branson added a scan of the manuscript to his website. Here we make it available more formally. It is surely one of the most cited unpublished articles. The differe…
This paper does not contain any new results, it is just an attempt to present, in a systematic way, one construction which establishes an interesting relationship between some ideas and notions well-known in the theory of integrable systems on Lie algebras and a rather different area of mathematics studying projectively equivalent Riemannian and pseudo-Riemannian metrics.
Our main aim is to present a geometrically meaningful formula for the fundamental solutions to a second order sub-elliptic differential equation and to the heat equation associated with a sub-elliptic operator in the sub-Riemannian geometry on the unit sphere $\mathbb S^3$. Our method is based on the Hamiltonian approach, where the corresponding Hamitonian system is solved with mixed boundary conditions. A closed form of the modified action is given. It is a sub-Riemannian invariant and plays the role of a distance on $\mathbb S^3$.
We study the behavior of the heat kernel of the Hodge Laplacian on a contact manifold endowed with a family of Riemannian metrics that blow-up the directions transverse to the contact distribution. We apply this to analyze the behavior of global spectral invariants such as the eta-invariant and the determinant of the Laplacian. In particular we prove that contact versions of the relative eta-invariant and the relative analytic torsion are equal to their Riemannian analogues and hence topological.
A natural extension of Riemannian geometry to a much wider context is presented on the basis of the iterated differential form formalism developed in math.DG/0605113 and an application to general relativity is given.
Analogously to the concept of a curvature of curve and surface, in the differential geometry, in the main part of this paper the concept of the curvature of the hyper-dimensional vector spaces of Riemannian metric is generally defined. The defined concept of the curvature of Riemannian spaces of higher dimensions M: M>1, in the further text of the paper, is functional related to the fundamental parameters of an internal geometry of space, more exactly, to components of Riemann-Christoffel's tensor of curvature. At the end, analogously to the concept of lines of curvature in the differential ge…
In this paper, we establish various L2-estimates for the exterior differential operator on p-convex Riemannian manifolds in the sense of Harvey and Lawson. As geometric applications, we prove vanishing and finiteness results for the de Rham cohomology groups.
We define the notion of a smooth pseudo-Riemannian algebraic variety $(X,g)$ over a field $k$ of characteristic $0$, which is an algebraic analogue of the notion of Riemannian manifold and we study, from a model-theoretic perspective, the algebraic differential equation describing the geodesics on $(X,g)$. When $k$ is the field of real numbers, we prove that if the real points of $X$ are Zariski-dense in $X$ and if the real analytification of $(X,g)$ is a compact Riemannian manifold with negative curvature, then the algebraic differential equation describing the geodesics on $(X,g)$ is absolut…
It is proved that the holomorphic quadratic differential associated to CMC surfaces in Riemannian products $\mathbb{S}^2\times\Rr$ and $\mathbb{H}^2\times \Rr$ discovered by U. Abresch and H. Rosenberg could be obtained as a linear combination of usual Hopf differentials. Using this fact, we are able to extend it for Lorentzian products. Families of examples of helicoidal CMC surfaces on these spaces are explicitly described. We also present some characterizations of CMC rotationally invariant discs and spheres. Finally, after establish some height and area estimates, we prove the existence of…
The Calderón-Zygmund inequalities on evolving Riemannian manifolds
University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学);School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学数学科学学院);Hefei National Laboratory(合肥国家实验室)
In this note we consider some properties of $GL_n(\mathbb{R})$ with the Semi-Riemannian structure induced by the trace metric $g$. In particular we study geodesics and curvature tensors. Moreover we prove that $GL_n$ has a suitable foliation, whose leaves are isometric to $(SL_n(\mathbb{R}), g)$, while its component of matrices with positive determinant is isometric to the Semi-Riemannian product manifold $SL_n \times \mathbb{R}$.
The theory of harmonic symmetric bilinear forms on a Riemannian manifold is an analogue of the theory of harmonic exterior differential forms on this manifold. To show this, we must consider every symmetric bilinear form on a Riemannian manifold as a one-form with values in the cotangent bundle of this manifold. In this case, there are the exterior differential and codifferential defined on the vector space of these differential one-forms. Then a symmetric bilinear form is said to be harmonic if it is closed and coclosed as a one-form with values in the cotangent bundle of a Riemannian manifol…
We prove that the isoperimetric profile of a convex domain $Ω$ with compact closure in a Riemannian manifold $(M^{n+1},g)$ satisfies a second order differential inequality which only depends on the dimension of the manifold and on a lower bound on the Ricci curvature of $Ω$. Regularity properties of the profile and topological consequences on isoperimetric regions arise naturally from this differential point of view. Moreover, by integrating the differential inequality we obtain sharp comparison theorems: not only can we derive an inequality which should be compared with Lévy-Gromov Inequality…
Local Equivalence of Riemannian Submersions via Differential Invariants
Samarkand State University(撒马尔罕国立大学);Jizzakh Branch of the National University of Uzbekistan(乌兹别克斯坦国立大学吉扎克分校);Samarkand Institute of Economics and Service(撒马尔罕经济与服务学院);Samarkand State Pedagogical Institute(撒马尔罕国立师范学院)
The problem of determining the domain of the closure of the Laplace-Beltrami operator on a 2D almost-Riemannian manifold is considered. Using tools from theory of Lie groupoids natural domains of perturbations of the Laplace-Beltrami operator are found. The main novelty is that the presented method allows us to treat geometries with tangency points. This kind of singularity is difficult to treat since those points do not have a tubular neighbourhood compatible with the almost-Riemannian metric.
Eigenvalue estimates for a class of elliptic differential operators in divergence form on Riemannian manifolds isometrically immersed in Euclidean space
Let $G$ be the identity component of the isometry group for an arbitrary curved two-point homogeneous space $M$. We consider algebras of $G$-invariant differential operators on bundles of unit spheres over $M$. The generators of this algebra and the corresponding relations for them are found. The connection of these generators with two-body problem on two-point homogeneous spaces is discussed.
Aronszajn, Krzywicki and Szarski proved in \cite{AKS62} a strong unique continuation result for differential forms, satisfying a certain first order differential inequality, on Riemannian manifolds with empty boundary. The present paper extends this result to the setting of Riemannian manifold with non-empty boundary, assuming suitable boundary conditions on the differential forms. We then present some applications of this extended result. Namely, we show that the Hausdorff dimension of the zero set of harmonic Neumann and Dirichlet forms, as well as eigenfields of the curl operator (on $3$-ma…
We define local Hardy spaces of differential forms $h^p_{\mathcal D}(\wedge T^*M)$ for all $p\in[1,\infty]$ that are adapted to a class of first order differential operators $\mathcal D$ on a complete Riemannian manifold $M$ with at most exponential volume growth. In particular, if $D$ is the Hodge--Dirac operator on $M$ and $Δ=D^2$ is the Hodge--Laplacian, then the local geometric Riesz transform ${D(Δ+aI)^{-{1}/{2}}}$ has a bounded extension to $h^p_D$ for all $p\in[1,\infty]$, provided that $a>0$ is large enough compared to the exponential growth of $M$. A characterisation of $h^1_{\mathcal…
We investigate conformality of the differential of a mapping between Riemannian manifolds if the tangent bundles are equipped with a generalized metric of Cheeger-Gromoll type.
We prove comparison, uniqueness and existence results for viscosity solutions to a wide class of fully nonlinear second order partial differential equations $F(x, u, du, d^{2}u)=0$ defined on a finite-dimensional Riemannian manifold $M$. Finest results (with hypothesis that require the function $F$ to be degenerate elliptic, that is nonincreasing in the second order derivative variable, and uniformly continuous with respect to the variable $x$) are obtained under the assumption that $M$ has nonnegative sectional curvature, while, if one additionally requires $F$ to depend on $d^{2}u$ in a unif…
For a Riemannian covering $p \colon M_{2} \to M_{1}$, we compare the spectrum of an essentially self-adjoint differential operator $D_{1}$ on a bundle $E_{1} \to M_{1}$ with the spectrum of its lift $D_{2}$ on $p^{*}E_{1} \to M_{2}$. We prove that if the covering is infinite sheeted and amenable, then the spectrum of $D_{1}$ is contained in the essential spectrum of any self-adjoint extension of $D_{2}$. We show that if the deck transformations group of the covering is infinite and $D_{2}$ is essentially self-adjoint (or symmetric and bounded from below), then $D_{2}$ (or the Friedrichs extens…
We determine the space of commuting symmetries of the Laplace operator on pseudo-Riemannian manifolds of constant curvature, and derive its algebra structure. Our construction is based on the Riemannian tractor calculus, allowing to construct a prolongation of the differential system for symmetric Killing tensors. We also discuss some aspects of its relation to projective differential geometry.
We investigate horizontal conformality of a differential of a map between Riemannian manifolds where the tangent bundles are equipped with Cheeger--Gromoll type metrics. As a corollary, we characterize the differential of a map as a harmonic morphism.
We construct spectral triples in a sense of noncommutative differential geometry, associated with a Riemannian foliation on a compact manifold, and describe its dimension spectrum.
We relate some basic constructions of stochastic analysis to differential geometry, via random walk approximations. We consider walks on both Riemannian and sub-Riemannian manifolds in which the steps consist of travel along either geodesics or integral curves associated to orthonormal frames, and we give particular attention to walks where the choice of step is influenced by a volume on the manifold. A primary motivation is to explore how one can pass, in the parabolic scaling limit, from geodesics, orthonormal frames, and/or volumes to diffusions, and hence their infinitesimal generators, on…
Recently, some concepts such as Hom-algebras, Hom-Lie algebras, Hom-Lie admissible algebras, Hom-coalgebras are studied and some of classical properties of algebras and some geometric objects are extended on them. In this paper by recall the concept of Hom-$ρ$-commutative algebras, we intend to develop some of the most classical results in Riemannian geometry such as metric, connection, torsion tensor, curvature tensor on it and also we discuss about differential operators and get some results of differential calculus using them. The notions of symplectic structures and Poisson structures are …