arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1502.02109physics.bio-phq-bio.SC
收藏

核糖体沿mRNA转录本移码翻译

Translation with frameshifting of ribosome along mRNA transcript

Jingwei Li, Yunxin Zhang

摘要:

翻译是原核和真核细胞产生细胞生长所必需的蛋白质的重要过程。大量的实验已经被用来探索平移性质。也已经开发了各种模型来确定翻译的生化机制。然而,为了简化大多数现有的模型,核糖体沿着mRNA转录本的移码被忽略,这实际上发生在真实细胞中,并已被广泛的实验研究。核糖体的移码作用明显影响翻译的效率和速度,因为移码后的核糖体合成的肽链不能折叠成功能蛋白,而且会迅速降解。本文在完全非对称简单排斥过程模型的基础上,提出了一个描述平移过程的理论模型。在这个模型中,核糖体沿着mRNA转录物的移码和核糖体在翻译延伸过程中与mRNA密码子主体的连接/脱离被明确地包括在内。结果表明,随着核糖体移码,正确合成肽链的速度随着翻译起始速率$α$和核糖体脱离速率$ω_d$的增加而先增加后降低。这一结果表明,调节翻译过程以达到蛋白质的最大合成速度在理论上是可行的。沿着mRNA转录核糖体运动的相关问题也从理论上解决。根据参数值,冲击波(或域壁)可能存在的核糖体概率沿mRNA。

英文摘要:

Translation is an important process for prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells to produce necessary proteins for cell growth. Numerious experiments have been performed to explore the translational properties. Diverse models have also been developed to determine the biochemical mechanism of translation. However, to simplify the majority of the existing models, the frameshifting of ribosome along the mRNA transcript is neglected, which actually occurs in real cells and has been extensively experimentally studied. The frameshifting of ribosome evidently influences the efficiency and speed of translation, considering that the peptide chains synthesized by shifted ribosomes will not fold into functional proteins and will degrade rapidly. In this study, a theoretical model is presented to describe the translational process based on the model for totally asymmetric simple exclusion process. In this model, the frameshifting of the ribosome along the mRNA transcript and the attachment/detachment of the ribosome to/from the main body of mRNA codons during translation elongation process, are explicitly included. The results show that, with ribosome frameshifing, the speed of correctly synthesized peptide chains may increase first and then decrease with both the translation initiation rate $α$ and the ribosome detachment rate $ω_d$. This results indicates that regulating the translation process to reach maximal synthesized speed of proteins is theoretically feasible. Traffic-related problems of ribosome motion along the mRNA transcript are also addressed theoretically. Depending on parameter values, shock wave (or domain wall) may exist for ribosome probabilities along the mRNA.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑