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arXiv 1502.01655hep-thgr-qc
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时空非定域性中的暗物质

Dark Matter From Spacetime Nonlocality

Mehdi Saravani, Siavash Aslanbeigi

摘要:

我们提出,暗物质并不是自然界中的另一种新粒子,而是量子引力作用于已知场的残余。我们以一种间接而令人惊讶的方式得出这种可能性:通过考虑量子场的延迟、非定域和洛伦兹演化。这是受到因果集理论的最新发展的启发,在因果集理论中,这种演化表现为背景因果集上标量场传播的连续极限。具体地说,我们研究了无质量标量场的量子理论,它的演化不是由d'Alembertian $\Box$给出,而是由一个算符$\tilde \Box$给出,该算符是Lorentz不变量,在低能时约化为$\Box$,并定义了一个显式延迟演化:$(\tilde \Box ϕ)(x)$只依赖于$ϕ(y)$,而$y$是$x$的因果过去。这种修正导致在自由理论中,除了通常的无质量粒子之外,还存在一个有质量粒子的连续统。当引入相互作用时,这些有质量或离壳量子可以通过无质量粒子的散射产生,但一旦产生,它们就不再相互作用,这使它们成为暗物质的天然候选者。

英文摘要:

We propose that dark matter is not yet another new particle in nature, but that it is a remnant of quantum gravitational effects on known fields. We arrive at this possibility in an indirect and surprising manner: by considering retarded, nonlocal, and Lorentzian evolution for quantum fields. This is inspired by recent developments in causal set theory, where such an evolution shows up as the continuum limit of scalar field propagation on a background causal set. Concretely, we study the quantum theory of a massless scalar field whose evolution is given not by the the d'Alembertian $\Box$, but by an operator $\tilde \Box$ which is Lorentz invariant, reduces to $\Box$ at low energies, and defines an explicitly retarded evolution: $(\tilde \Box ϕ)(x)$ only depends on $ϕ(y)$, with $y$ is in the causal past of $x$. This modification results in the existence of a continuum of massive particles, in addition to the usual massless ones, in the free theory. When interactions are introduced, these massive or off-shell quanta can be produced by the scattering of massless particles, but once produced, they no longer interact, which makes them a natural candidate for dark matter.

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