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arXiv 1502.00259quant-ph
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零能量代价下的最优量子操作

Optimal quantum operations at zero energy cost

Giulio Chiribella, Yuxiang Yang

摘要:

量子技术正在开发强大的工具来产生和操纵不同能级的相干叠加。展望新一代节能量子设备,在这里我们将探讨如何在不与周围环境交换能量的情况下操纵相干性。我们从把能量本征态的相干叠加态转换成另一个相干叠加态的任务开始。我们确定最佳的能量保存操作,无论是在确定性和概率的情况下。然后,我们设计了一个递归协议,其中一个分支序列的能量保持过滤器增加成功的概率,同时达到最大的保真度在每次迭代。递归协议的基础上,我们构建了有效的近似的最佳可靠性概率的权衡,通过采取相干叠加的概率过滤产生的不同分支。这种结构的优点在量子精密测量、量子克隆、相干态放大和辅助驱动计算等应用中得到了说明。最后,我们将我们的结果扩展到输入状态通常是混合的过渡,我们将我们的研究结果应用到净化量子相干性的任务。

英文摘要:

Quantum technologies are developing powerful tools to generate and manipulate coherent superpositions of different energy levels. Envisaging a new generation of energy-efficient quantum devices, here we explore how coherence can be manipulated without exchanging energy with the surrounding environment. We start from the task of converting a coherent superposition of energy eigenstates into another. We identify the optimal energy-preserving operations, both in the deterministic and in the probabilistic scenario. We then design a recursive protocol, wherein a branching sequence of energy-preserving filters increases the probability of success while reaching maximum fidelity at each iteration. Building on the recursive protocol, we construct efficient approximations of the optimal fidelity-probability trade-off, by taking coherent superpositions of the different branches generated by probabilistic filtering. The benefits of this construction are illustrated in applications to quantum metrology, quantum cloning, coherent state amplification, and ancilla-driven computation. Finally, we extend our results to transitions where the input state is generally mixed and we apply our findings to the task of purifying quantum coherence.

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