We report on a sample of 51 nearby, star-forming galaxies observed with the Cosmic Origin Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. We calculate Si II kinematics and densities arising from warm gas entrained in galactic outflows. We use multi-wavelength ancillary data to estimate stellar masses (M$_\ast$), star-formation rates (SFR), and morphologies. We derive significant correlations between outflow velocity and SFR$^{\sim 0.1}$, M$_\ast^{\sim 0.1}$ and v$_\text{circ}^{\sim 1/2}$. Some mergers drive outflows faster than these relations prescribe, launching the outflow faster than the escape velocity. Calculations of the mass outflow rate reveal strong scaling with SFR$^{\sim 1/2}$ and M$_\ast^{\sim 1/2}$. Additionally, mass-loading efficiency factors (mass outflow rate divided by SFR) scale approximately as M$_\ast^{-1/2}$. Both the outflow velocity and mass-loading scaling suggest that these outflows are powered by supernovae, with only 0.7% of the total supernovae energy converted into the kinetic energy of the warm outflow. Galaxies lose some gas if log(M$_\ast$/M$_\odot$) < $9.5$, while more massive galaxies retain all of their gas, unless they undergo a merger. This threshold for gas loss can explain the observed shape of the mass-metallicity relation.
We present deep observations of the 12CO(1-0) and (3-2) lines in the ultra-luminous infrared and radio galaxy 4C12.50, carried out with the 30m telescope of the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimetrique. Our observations reveal the cold molecular gas component of a warm molecular gas outflow that was previously known from Spitzer Space Telescope data. The 12CO(3-2) profile indicates the presence of absorption at -950 km/s from systemic velocity with a central optical depth of 0.22. Its profile is similar to that of the HI absorption that was seen in radio data of this source. A potential detec…
Considerable uncertainties remain about the nature of warm, AGN-driven outflows and their impact on the evolution of galaxies. This is because the outflows are often unresolved in ground-based observations. As part of a project to study the AGN outflows in some of the most rapidly evolving galaxies in the local Universe, here we present HST/STIS observations of F14394+5332E that resolve the sub-kpc warm outflow for the first time in a ULIRG. The observations reveal a compact, high-ionization outflow region (r_max~0.9 kpc) set in a more extensive (r_max~1.4 kpc) halo that is kinematically quies…
Active Galactic Nuclei and STaR fOrmation in Nearby Galaxies AGNSTRONG. III. A Study on Ionized and Warm Molecular Gas Outflows of 6 Type-2 AGNs
Department of Astronomy, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学天文系）；School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学天文与空间科学学院）
AGN-driven outflows are now routinely used in models of galaxy evolution as a feedback mechanism, however many of their properties remain highly uncertain. Perhaps the greatest source of uncertainty is the electron density of the outflowing gas, which directly affects derived kinetic powers and mass outflow rates. Here we present spatially-resolved, wide spectral-coverage Xshooter observations of the nearby active galaxy IC 5063 (z=0.001131), which shows clear signatures of outflows being driven by shocks induced by a radio jet interacting with the ISM. For the first time, we use the higher cr…
Molecular outflows contributing to the matter cycle of star forming galaxies are now observed in small and large systems at low and high redshift. Their physical origin is still unclear. In most theoretical studies only warm ionised/neutral and hot gas outflowing from the interstellar medium is generated by star formation. We investigate an in-situ H$_2$ formation scenario in the outflow using high-resolution simulations, including non-equilibrium chemistry and self-gravity, of turbulent, warm, and atomic clouds with densities 0.1, 0.5 and $1\,\mathrm{cm}^{-3}$ exposed to a magnetised hot wind…
Using ultra-violet absorption-lines, we analyze the systematic properties of the warm ionized phase of starburst-driven winds in a sample of 39 low-redshift objects that spans broad ranges in starburst and galaxy properties. Total column densities for the outflows are $\sim$10$^{21}$ cm$^{-2}$. The outflow velocity (v$_{out}$) correlates only weakly with the galaxy stellar mass (M$_*$), or circular velocity (v$_{cir}$), but strongly with both SFR and SFR/area. The normalized outflow velocity (v$_{out}/v_{cir}$) correlates well with both SFR/area and SFR/M$_*$. The estimated outflow rates of wa…
Galactic outflows produced by stellar feedback are known to be multiphase in nature. Both observations and simulations indicate that the material within several kpc of galactic disk mid-planes consists of warm clouds embedded within a hot wind. A theoretical understanding of the outflow phenomenon, including both winds and fountain flows, requires study of the interactions among thermal phases. We develop a method to quantify these interactions via measurements of mass, momentum, and energy flux exchanges using temporally and spatially averaged quantities and conservation laws. We apply this m…
Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) Galaxies are an important type of active galactic nucleus (AGN), generally expected to be accreting at high Eddington rate. The properties of their outflows and importance of AGN feedback remain intriguing. We report on the discovery of fast outflowing warm absorbers (WAs) in the NLS1 PG 1001+054, with velocities in the range of 7000 to 9000 kilometers per second. They are identified with blueshifted Lyman alpha, N v and Si iv lines in the high resolution ultraviolet (UV) spectra taken with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) onboard the Hubble Space Telescope (H…
We present a comparison of the molecular gas properties in the outflow vs. in the ambient medium of the local prototype radio-loud and ultraluminous-infrared galaxy 4C12.50 (IRAS13451+1232), using new data from the IRAM Plateau de Bure interferometer and 30m telescope, and the Herschel space telescope. Previous H_2 (0-0) S(1) and S(2) observations with the Spitzer space telescope had indicated that the warm (~400K) molecular gas in 4C12.50 is made up of a 1.4(+-0.2)x10^8 M_sun ambient reservoir and a 5.2(+-1.7)x10^7 M_sun outflow. The new CO(1-0) data cube indicates that the corresponding cold…
OMC-2/3 is one of the nearest embedded cluster-forming region that includes intermediate-mass protostars at early stages of evolution. A previous CO (3--2) mapping survey towards this region revealed outflow activity related to sources at different evolutionary phases. The present work aims to study the warm gas in the high-velocity emission from several outflows found in CO (3--2) emission by previous observations, determine their physical conditions, and make comparison with previous results in low-mass star-forming regions. We use the CHAMP+ heterodyne array on the APEX telescope to map the…
We report the results of analyses of galactic outflows in a sample of 45 low-redshift starburst galaxies in the COS Legacy Archive Spectroscopic SurveY (CLASSY), augmented by five additional similar starbursts with COS data. The outflows are traced by blueshifted absorption-lines of metals spanning a wide range of ionization potential. The high quality and broad spectral coverage of CLASSY data enable us to disentangle the absorption due to the static ISM from that due to outflows. We further use different line multiplets and doublets to determine the covering fraction, column density, and ion…
We present the analysis of grating spectra of the Narrow Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy IRAS 17020+4544 observed by XMM-Newton in 2004 and 2014. In a previous work on these data, we reported the discovery of a multi-component ultra-fast outflow that is capable of producing feedback in the host galaxy. We also reported the presence of a slow, multi-phase warm absorber. In this follow-up paper, we confirm that this low velocity absorber can be modeled by four layers of ionized gas. When crossing our line-of-sight, this gas presents peculiar changes along the 10-yr time scale elapsed between the two obser…
Tracing AGN Feedback Power with Cool/Warm Outflow Densities: Predictions and Observational Implications
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）；Newcastle University（纽卡斯尔大学）；Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute（平顿研究所计算天体物理中心）
Resolving the Multiphase Outflow, Shock Signatures, and PAHs in the AGN-Starburst Composite ULIRG F10565+2448 with JWST MIRI/MRS
University of Maryland, College Park（马里兰大学帕克分校）；Joint Space-Science Institute, Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park（马里兰大学帕克分校联合空间科学研究所）；Rhodes College（罗兹学院）；Universidad de Alcalá（阿尔卡拉大学）；Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA（天体生物学中心（CAB），西班牙国家研究委员会-国家航空航天技术研究所）
The velocity structure imprinted in the Hα emission line profiles contains valuable information about galactic outflows. Using a set of high-resolution zoom-in cosmological simulations of galaxies at z=2, we generate Hα emission line profiles, taking into account the temperature-dependent Hα emissivity, as well as dust extinction. The Hα line can be described as a sum of two gaussians, as typically done with observations. In general, its properties are in good agreement with those observed in local isolated galaxies with similar masses and star formation rates, assuming a spatially constant cl…
A fraction of the mid-$J$ ($J$= 14--13 to $J$= 24--23) CO emission detected by the \textit{Herschel}/PACS observations of embedded young stellar objects (YSOs) has been attributed to the UV-heated outflow cavity walls. We have applied our newly developed self-consistent models of Photon-Dominated Region (PDR) and non-local thermal equilibrium line Radiative transfer In general Grid (RIG) to the \textit{Herschel} FIR observations of 27 low mass YSOs and one intermediate mass YSO, NGC7129-FIRS2. When the contribution of the hot component (traced by transitions of $J> 24$) is removed, the rotatio…
Quasar feedback outflows are commonly invoked to drive gas out of galaxies in the early gas-rich epoch to terminate growth of galaxies. Here we present simulations that show that AGN feedback may drive not only gas but also stars out of their host galaxies under certain conditions. The mechanics of this process is as following: (1) AGN-driven outflows accelerate and compress gas filling the host galaxy; (2) the accelerated dense shells become gravitationally unstable and form stars on radial trajectories. For the spherically symmetric initial conditions explored here, the black hole needs to e…
We present a R=10,000 M-band spectrum of LLN19 (IRAS 08470-4321), a heavily embedded intermediate-mass young stellar object located in the Vela Molecular Cloud, obtained with VLT-ISAAC. The data were fitted by a 2-slab cold-hot model and a wind model. The spectrum exhibits deep broad ro-vibrational absorption lines of 12CO v=1<-0 and 13CO v=1<-0. A weak CO ice feature at 4.67 micron is also detected. Differences in velocity indicate that the warm gas is distinct from the cold millimeter emitting gas, which may be associated with the absorption by cooler gas (45K). The outflowing warm gas at 30…
The true importance of the warm, AGN-driven outflows for the evolution of galaxies remains uncertain. Measurements of the radial extents of the outflows are key for quantifying their masses and kinetic powers, and also establishing whether the AGN outflows are galaxy-wide. Therefore, as part of a larger project to investigate the significance of warm, AGN-driven outflows in the most rapidly evolving galaxies in the local universe, here we present deep Hubble Space Telescope ( HST) narrow-band [OIII]$λ$5007 observations of a complete sample of 8 nearby ULIRGs with optical AGN nuclei. Combined w…
We report on the performance of the statistical, X-ray absorption lines identification procedure XLINE-ID. As illustration, it is used to estimate the time averaged gas density $n_H(r)$ of a representative AGN's warm absorber ($T\approx 10^5$~K) X-ray simulated spectrum. The method relies on three key ingredients: (1) a well established emission continuum level; (2) a robust grid of photoionisation models spanning several orders of magnitude in gas density ($n_H$), plasma column density ($N_H$), and in ionization states; (3) theoretical curves of growth for a large set of atomic lines. By comp…
Warm absorber (WA) is an ionised gas present in the line of sight to the AGN central engine. The effect of the absorber is imprinted in the absorption lines observed in X-ray spectra of AGN. In this work, we model the WA in Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 509 using its recently published shape of broad band spectral energy distribution (SED) as a continuum illuminating the absorber. Using the photoionization code {\sc Titan}, recently we have shown that the absorption measure distribution (AMD) found for this object can be successfully modelled as a single slab of gas in total pressure (radiation+gas) eq…
Young radio AGN are pivotal for our understanding of many of the still-debated aspects of AGN feedback. In this paper we present a study of the interstellar medium in the compact, peaked-spectrum radio galaxy PKSB1934-63 using X-shooter observations. Most of the warm ionized gas resides within a circum-nuclear disk with a radius of about 200pc that is likely to constitute the gas reservoir from which the central black hole feeds. On the other hand, we find a biconical outflow of warm ionized gas with an estimated radius of 59+/-12pc. This matches the radial extent of the radio source and sugge…
We use the large spectroscopic data set of the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field survey to investigate the kinematics and energetics of ionised gas outflows. Using a sample of 598 star-forming galaxies at redshift 1.4 < $z$ < 3.8, we decompose $\rm{H}α$ and [OIII] emission lines into narrow and broad components, finding significant detections of broad components in 10% of the sample. The ionised outflow velocity from individual galaxies appears independent of galaxy properties, such as stellar mass, star-formation rate (SFR), and star-formation-rate surface density ($Σ_{\rm SFR}$). Adopting a simpl…
Gas blown away from galactic disks by supernova (SN) feedback plays a key role in galaxy evolution. We investigate outflows utilizing the solar neighborhood model of our high-resolution, local galactic disk simulation suite, TIGRESS. In our numerical implementation, star formation and SN feedback are self-consistently treated and well resolved in the multiphase, turbulent, magnetized interstellar medium. Bursts of star formation produce spatially and temporally correlated SNe that drive strong outflows, consisting of hot (T>5x10^5K) winds and warm (5050K < T < 2x10^4K) fountains. The hot gas a…
Emission-line variability studies have the potential to provide key information about the structures of the near-nuclear outflow regions of AGN. Here we present a VLT/Xshooter spectrum of the nucleus of the ULIRG F01004-2237 that was taken in August 2018, about 8 yr after a major flare in its integrated optical emission. Compared with our WHT/ISIS spectrum from September 2015, the broad, red wings of the emission lines most closely associated with the flaring event, including HeII(4686), NIII(4100,4640) and HeI(5876), have substantially declined in flux. In contrast, the broad, blue wings that…
Many star-forming galaxies and those hosting active galactic nuclei (AGN) show evidence of massive outflows of material in a variety of phases including ionized, neutral atomic, and molecular. Molecular outflows in particular have been the focus of recent interest as they may be responsible for removing gas from the galaxy, thereby suppressing star formation. As material is ejected from the cores of galaxies, interactions of the outflowing material with the interstellar medium can accelerate cosmic rays and produce high-energy gamma rays. In this work, we search for gamma-ray emission from a s…
This paper investigates the neutral gas phase of galactic winds via the Na I D$λλ5890,5895$Å feature within $z \sim 0.04$ MaNGA galaxies, and directly compares their incidence and strength to the ionized winds detected within the same parent sample. We find evidence for neutral outflows in 127 galaxies ($\sim 5$ per cent of the analysed line-emitting sample). Na I D winds are preferentially seen in galaxies with dustier central regions and both wind phases are more often found in systems with elevated SFR surface densities, especially when there has been a recent upturn in the star formation a…
This paper is a sequel to the extensive study of warm absorber (WA) in X-rays carried out using high resolution grating spectral data from XMM-Newton satellite (WAX-I). Here we discuss the global dynamical properties as well as the energetics of the WA components detected in the WAX sample. The slope of WA density profile ($n\propto r^{-α}$) estimated from the linear regression slope of ionization parameter $ξ$ and column density $N_H$ in the WAX sample is $α=1.236\pm 0.034$. We find that the WA clouds possibly originate as a result of photo-ionised evaporation from the inner edge of the torus…
Based on new near-infrared spectroscopic data from the instrument EMIR on the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) we report the presence of an ionized and warm molecular outflow in the luminous type-2 quasar J150904.22+043441.8 (z = 0.1118). The ionized outflow is faster than its molecular counterpart, although the outflow sizes that we derive for them are consistent within the errors (1.34$\pm$0.18 kpc and 1.46$\pm$0.20 kpc respectively). We use these radii, the broad emission-line luminosities and in the case of the ionized outflow, the density calculated from the trans-auroral [OII] and […
Warm absorbers (WAs) located approximately in the region of $1-1000$ parsecs are common phenomena in many active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The driving mechanism of WAs is still under debate. Ultra-fast outflows (UFOs) which are launched very close to the central black hole are also frequently observed in AGNs. When UFOs move outwards, they will collide with the interstellar medius (ISM) gas. In this paper, we study the possibility that whether WAs can be generated by the interaction between ISM gas and the UFOs. We find that under some ISM gas conditions, WAs can be generated. However, the cover…
Active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback operated by the expansion of radio jets can play a crucial role in driving gaseous outflows on galaxy scales. Galaxies hosting young radio AGN, whose jets are in the first phases of expansion through the surrounding interstellar medium (ISM), are the ideal targets to probe the energetic significance of this mechanism. In this paper, we characterise the warm ionised gas outflows in a sample of nine young radio sources from the 2Jy sample, combining X-shooter spectroscopy and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging data. We find that the warm outflows have simi…
One way an Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) influences the evolution of their host galaxy is by generating a large-scale (kpc-scale) outflow. The content, energetics, and impact of such outflows depend on the properties of both the AGN and host galaxy, and understanding the relationship between them requires measuring the properties of all three. In this paper, we do so by analyzing recent radio and optical integral field unit (IFU) spectroscopic observations of MaNGA 1-166919. Our results indicate that the bi-conical outflow in this galaxy is powered by a low-luminosity, low-Eddington ratio AGN …
Although now routinely incorporated into hydrodynamic simulations of galaxy evolution, the true importance of the feedback effect of the outflows driven by active galactic nuclei (AGN) remains uncertain from an observational perspective. This is due to a lack of accurate information on the densities, radial scales and level of dust extinction of the outflow regions. Here we use the unique capabilities of VLT/Xshooter to investigate the warm outflows in a representative sample of 9 local (0.06 $<$ z $<$ 0.15) ULIRGs with AGN nuclei and, for the first time, accurately quantify the key outflow pr…
Many theoretical models predict that quasar driven outflows account for the observed quenching of star formation in massive galaxies. There is growing observational evidence for quasar-launched massive outflows at z>6, while the details of outflow-host galaxy interaction remain obscure. In this paper, we study the feedback around the highest redshift quasar in the BlueTides simulation, the largest volume cosmological hydrodynamic simulation so far carried out. We present predictions for gas outflows around the brightest $z = 7.54$ quasar which hosts the most massive black hole in the simulatio…
Feedback likely plays a vital role in the formation of dwarf galaxies. While stellar processes have long been considered the main source of feedback, recent studies have revealed tantalizing signs of AGN feedback in dwarf galaxies. In this paper, we report the results from an integral-field spectroscopic study of a sample of eight dwarf galaxies with known AGN and suspected outflows. Outflows are detected in seven of them. The outflows are fast, with 50-percentile (median) velocity of up to $\sim$240 km s$^{-1}$ and 80-percentile line width reaching $\sim$1200 km s$^{-1}$, in clear contrast wi…
Observations and simulations show that outflows in active galactic nuclei (AGN) contain gas in different phases. To understand their true impact on galaxy evolution, we advocate consistent and unbiased investigation of these multiphase winds in large AGN samples.
We investigate the presence of ionised gas outflows in a sample of 141 main-sequence star-forming galaxies at $1.2<z<2.6$ from the KLEVER (KMOS Lensed Emission Lines and VElocity Review) survey. Our sample covers an exceptionally wide range of stellar masses, $8.1<\log(M_\star/M_{\odot})<11.3$, pushing outflow studies into the dwarf regime thanks to gravitationally lensed objects. We stack optical rest-frame emission lines (H$β$, [OIII], H$α$ and [NII]) in different mass bins and seek for tracers of gas outflows by using a novel, physically motivated method that improves over the widely used, …
We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of six radio-loud quasar host galaxies at $z=1.4-2.3$. We combine the kpc-scale resolution ALMA observations with high spatial-resolution adaptive optics integral field spectrograph data of the ionized gas. We detect molecular gas emission in five quasar host galaxies and resolve the molecular interstellar medium using the CO (3-2) or CO (4-3) rotational transitions. Clumpy molecular outflows are detected in four quasar host galaxies and in a merger system 21 kpc away from one quasar. Between the ionized and cold-molec…
We present observations of ionized gas outflows in eleven z$ =1.39-2.59$ radio-loud quasar host galaxies. Data was taken with the integral field spectrograph (IFS) OSIRIS and the adaptive optics system at the W.M. Keck Observatory targeting nebular emission lines (H$β$, [OIII], H$α$, [NII] and [SII]) redshifted into the near-infrared (1-2.4 \micron). Outflows with velocities of 500 - 1700 km\,s$^{-1}$ are detected in 10 systems on scales ranging from $<1$ kpc to 10 kpc with outflow rates from 8-2400 M$_\odot$yr$^{-1}$. For five sources, the outflow momentum rates are 4-80 times $L_{AGN}$/c, co…
Galactic winds are crucial to the cosmic cycle of matter, transporting material out of the dense regions of galaxies. Observations show the coexistence of different temperature phases in such winds, which is not easy to explain. We present a set of 3D shock-multicloud simulations that account for radiative heating and cooling at temperatures between $10^2\,\rm K$ and $10^7\,\rm K$. The interplay between shock heating, dynamical instabilities, turbulence, and radiative heating and cooling creates a complex multi-phase flow with a rain-like morphology. Cloud gas fragments and is continuously ero…
Aims: We employ archival Spitzer slit-scan observations of the HH211 outflow in order to investigate its warm gas content, assess the jet mass flux in the form of H2 and probe for the existence of an embedded atomic jet. Methods: Detected molecular and atomic lines are interpreted by means of emission line diagnostics and an existing grid of molecular shock models. The physical properties of the warm gas are compared against other molecular jet tracers and to the results of a similar study towards the L1448-C outflow. Results: We have detected and mapped the v=0-0 S(0) - S(7) H2 lines and fine…
Recent well resolved numerical simulations of AGN feedback have shown that its effects on the host galaxy may be not only negative but also positive. In the late gas poor phase, AGN feedback blows the gas away and terminates star formation. However, in the gas-rich phase(s), AGN outflows trigger star formation by over-compressing cold dense gas and thus provide positive feedback on their hosts. In this paper we study this AGN-triggered starburst effect. We show that star formation rate in the burst increases until the star formation feedback counteracts locally the AGN outflow compression. Glo…
We have obtained Keck NIR spectroscopy of a sample of nine M$_\star$ $<$ 10$^{10}$ M$_\odot$ dwarf galaxies to confirm AGN activity and the presence of galaxy-wide, AGN-driven outflows through coronal line (CL) emission. We find strong CL detections in 5/9 galaxies (55$\%$) with line ratios incompatible with shocks, confirming the presence of AGN in these galaxies. Similar CL detection rates are found in larger samples of more massive galaxies hosting type 1 and 2 AGN. We investigate the connection between the CLs and galaxy-wide outflows by analyzing the kinematics of the CL region, as well a…
We have mapped the superwind/halo region of the nearby starburst galaxy M82 in the mid-infrared with $Spitzer-IRS$. The spectral regions covered include the H$_2 S(1)-S(3)$, [NeII], [NeIII] emission lines and PAH features. We estimate the total warm H$_2$ mass and the kinetic energy of the outflowing warm molecular gas to be between $M_{warm}\sim5-17\times10^6$ M$_{\odot}$ and $E_{K}\sim6-20\times10^{53}$ erg. Using the ratios of the 6.2, 7.7 and 11.3 micron PAH features in the IRS spectra, we are able to estimate the average size and ionization state of the small grains in the superwind. Ther…
The narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy I Zwicky 1 shows a unique and complex system of ionised gas in outflow, which consists of an ultra-fast wind and a two-component warm absorber. In the last two decades, XMM-Newton monitored the source multiple times enabling the study of the long-term variability of the various outflows. Plasma in photoionisation equilibrium with the ionising source responds and varies accordingly to any change of the ionising luminosity. However, detailed modelling of the past RGS data has shown no correlation between the plasma ionisation state and the ionising continuum, rev…
In order to investigate when and how the birth of a protostellar core occurs, we made survey observations of four well-studied dense cores in the Taurus molecular cloud using CO transitions in submillimeter bands. We report here the detection of unexpectedly warm (~ 30 - 70 K), extended (radius of ~ 2400 AU), dense (a few times 10^{5} cm^{-3}) gas at the heart of one of the dense cores, L1521F (MC27), within the cold dynamically collapsing components. We argue that the detected warm, extended, dense gas may originate from shock regions caused by collisions between the dynamically collapsing co…
Negative feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN) is considered a key mechanism in shaping galaxy evolution. Fast, extended outflows are frequently detected in the AGN host galaxies at all redshifts and luminosities, both in ionised and molecular gas. However, these outflows are only "potentially" able to quench star formation and we are still missing a decisive evidence of negative feedback in action. Here we present Spectrograph for INtegral Field Observations in the Near Infrared (SINFONI) H- and K-band integral-field spectroscopic observations of two quasars at $z\sim$2.4 characterised b…
The various ionization mechanisms at play in active galactic nuclei (AGN) and quasars have been well studied, but relatively little has been done to separately investigate the contributions of these ionization mechanisms within the host galaxy and outflowing components. Using Gemini integral field spectroscopy (IFS) data, we study the ionization properties of these two components in four nearby ($z \lesssim$ 0.2) radio-quiet Type 1 quasars. Emission line ratios and widths are employed to identify the dominant ionization mechanisms for the host and outflow components in each object. We find tha…
We investigate the presence of extended ionized outflows in 18 luminous type 2 AGNs (11 quasars and 7 high luminosity Seyfert 2s) at 0.3<z<0.6 based on VLT-FORS2 spectroscopy. We infer typical lower limits on the radial sizes of the outflows R>=severalx100 pc and upper limits R<1-2 kpc. Our results are inconsistent with related studies which suggest that large scale R~several-15 kpc are ubiquitous in QSO2. We study the possible causes of discrepancy and propose that seeing smearing is the cause of the large inferred sizes. The implications in our understanding of the feedback phenomenon are im…
We present the results of our spatially resolved investigation into the interplay between the ages of the stellar populations and the kinematics of the warm ionised outflows in the well-studied type II quasar Markarian 34. Utilising IFS data, we determine the spatial distribution of the young stellar population (YSP; $t_{ysp} < 100 \mbox{ Myr}$) using spectral synthesis modelling. We also employ the $\mbox{[OIII]}λ5007$ emission line as a tracer of the warm ionised gas kinematics. We demonstrate a spatial correlation between the outer edges of the blue-side of the outflow and an enhancement in…
