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arXiv 1409.2803astro-ph.SR
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用AMBER/VLTI解算大质量多重系统Herschel 36的恒星分量

Resolving the stellar components of the massive multiple system Herschel 36 with AMBER/VLTI

J. Sanchez-Bermudez, A. Alberdi, R. Schödel, C. A. Hummel, J. I. Arias, R. H. Barbá, J. Maíz Apellániz, J. -U. Pott

摘要:

内容:大质量恒星对于星系的演化非常重要;然而,我们对它们的性质和形成的理解存在很大的差距,主要是因为它们演化迅速,稀有且遥远。很可能几乎所有的大质量恒星都是以三倍或更高的倍数诞生的,但是它们的大距离需要非常高的角分辨率才能在毫弧秒尺度上直接探测到伴星。Herschel 36是一个年轻的大质量星系,位于1.3kpc。它的最小预测质量为45 M_sun。多历元光谱数据表明,至少存在三个引力约束组件。其中两个,系统Ab,是紧密结合在一个光谱双星,和第三个,组件Aa,轨道在一个更广泛的轨道。我们的目标是成像,并获得天体测量和光度测量的组件Aa和Ab使用,第一次,长基线光学干涉测量,以进一步限制其性质。研究方法:我们用连接到ESO VLT干涉仪上的近红外仪器AMBER观测了Herschel 36,该干涉仪提供了约为100 °的角分辨率。2 mas。我们使用的代码BSMEM进行干涉图像重建。我们使用专有的IDL例程和代码LitPro拟合干涉观测值。结果:我们在H和K滤波器中成像了Herschel 36的Aa+Ab组分。组件Ab位于1.81 mas的投影距离处,位置角约为222度在北偏东方向,Aa分量与Ab分量的通量比接近于1。测量到的小角距表明系统Ab和Ab可能正在接近其轨道的近星点。这些结果,只有通过长基线近红外干涉测量才能实现,构成了彻底了解这个巨大的三重系统的第一步。

英文摘要:

Context: Massive stars are extremely important for the evolution of the galaxies; there are large gaps in our understanding of their properties and formation, however, mainly because they evolve rapidly, are rare, and distant. It may well be that almost all massive stars are born as triples or higher multiples, but their large distances require very high angular resolution to directly detect the companions at milliarcsecond scales. Aims: Herschel36 is a young massive system located at 1.3 kpc. It has a combined smallest predicted mass of 45 M_sun. Multi-epoch spectroscopic data suggest the existence of at least three gravitationally bound components. Two of them, system Ab, are tightly bound in a spectroscopic binary, and the third one, component Aa, orbits in a wider orbit. Our aim was to image and obtain astrometric and photometric measurements of components Aa and Ab using, for the first time, long-baseline optical interferometry to further constrain its nature. Methods: We observed Herschel 36 with the near-infrared instrument AMBER attached to the ESO VLT Interferometer, which provides an angular resolution of approx. 2 mas. We used the code BSMEM to perform the interferometric image reconstruction. We fitted the interferometric observables using proprietary IDL routines and the code LitPro. Results: We imaged the Aa+Ab components of Herschel 36 in H and K filters. Component Ab is located at a projected distance of 1.81 mas, at a position angle of approx. 222 deg. east of north, the flux ratio between components Aa and Ab is close to one. The small measured angular separation indicates that system Ab and Ab may be approaching the periastron of their orbits. These results, only achievable with long-baseline near-infrared interferometry, constitute the first step toward a thorough understanding of this massive triple system.

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