Turbulence is of paramount importance in wildland fire propagation since it randomly transports the hot air mass that can pre-heat and then ignite the area ahead the fire. This contributes to give a random character to the firefront position together with other phenomena as for example fire spotting, vegetation distribution (patchiness), gaseous combustion fluctuation, small-scale terrain elevation changes. Here only turbulence is considered. The level-set method is used to numerically describe the evolution of the fireline contour that is assumed to have a random motion because of turbulence. The progression of the combustion process is then described by a level-set contour distributed according to a weight function given by the probability density function of the air particles in turbulent motion. From the comparison between the ordinary and the randomized level-set methods, it emerges that the proposed modelling approach turns out to be suitable to simulate a moving firefront fed by the ground fuel and driven, beside the meteorological and orographical factors, also by the turbulent diffusion of the hot air. This approach allows the simulation of the fire overcoming of a firebreak zone. The discussed results are explorative and need to be subjected to a future validation.
Computational modeling of extreme wildland fire events: a synthesis of scientific understanding with applications to forecasting, land management, and firefighter safety
Earth Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara（加州大学圣塔芭芭拉分校地球研究所）；Department of Scientific Computing, Florida State University（佛罗里达州立大学科学计算系）；Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University（佛罗里达州立大学地球、海洋与大气科学系）
本章结合多场景观测数据，构建从简单到全物理层级的 ember 输送模型，阐释其迁移物理原理并关联统计模型，为野外火灾研究提供建模支撑。
我们介绍了几个有用的实用程序，在开发中使用WRF和SFIRE的真实荒地火灾模拟的创建和分析。这些实用程序作为独立的程序和脚本以及对其他知名软件的扩展而存在。Python web scraper自动化了从公共源下载和预处理大气和地表数据的过程。其他脚本通过自动创建参数文件来简化域设置。与Google Earth的集成允许用户在3D环境中探索模拟以及真实的表面图像。后处理脚本为用户提供了许多与许多常用可视化套件兼容的输出数据格式，允许创建高质量的3D渲染。总的来说，这些改进是为了建立一个统一的Web应用程序，为科学家和用户带来一个复杂的野火建模环境。
