AI 中文总结
本章结合多场景观测数据，构建从简单到全物理层级的 ember 输送模型，阐释其迁移物理原理并关联统计模型，为野外火灾研究提供建模支撑。
AI 中文摘要
在本章中，我们利用受控实验室实验、计划烧除以及野外火灾的观测数据，探究 ember 输送的本质与理论。我们采用火灾的具体案例与统计数据来获取洞见，并启发从简单理想化模型到全物理大气边界层模型的层级化建模方法。研究重点在于 ember 从植被、地面及近地面结构源区，或在大气边界层的风与湍流中迁移所涉及的基础过程。我们首先从野外火灾扩散速率的基础理论角度阐释该问题，分析地面附近及地面上方高空大气中两种主要输送模式下 ember 输送的物理原理，并将这些原理与输送的统计模型相联系。
英文摘要
In this Chapter we explore the nature and theory of ember transport using observations from controlled laboratory settings, prescribed fire, and wildland fire. Specific examples and statistics from fires are used to gain insight and motivate a hierarchy of modeling approaches from simple idealized models to full-physics atmospheric boundary layer models. The emphasis is on the fundamental processes involved in moving embers away from their sources in vegetation and structures on and near the ground or in the atmospheric boundary layer winds and turbulent flows. We describe the problem first in terms of basic theory about the rate of spread of wildland fire, examine the physical principles at work in ember transport for two principle modes of transport near the ground and in the atmosphere well above the surface, and connect these to statistical models for transport.
