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arXiv 1407.4447astro-ph.SR
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发光超新星SN 2010 jl中大尘埃颗粒的快速形成

Rapid formation of large dust grains in the luminous supernova SN 2010jl

Christa Gall, Jens Hjorth, Darach Watson, Eli Dwek, Justyn R. Maund, Ori Fox, Giorgos Leloudas, Daniele Malesani, Avril C. Day-Jones

摘要:

星系中尘埃的起源仍然是个谜。大多数难熔元素是在超新星爆炸中产生的,但目前还不清楚尘埃颗粒是如何以及在哪里凝结和生长的,以及它们如何避免在恒星形成星系的恶劣环境中被破坏。最近在附近的超新星遗迹中探测到0.1-0.5个太阳质量的尘埃,这表明尘埃是在原地形成的,而其他观测表明超新星爆炸后的头几年里尘埃很少。明亮的SN 2010 jl的观测结果被解释为预先存在的尘埃,尘埃形成或根本没有尘埃。在这里,我们报告的快速(40-240天)形成的尘埃在其密集的星周介质。这种尘埃的波长依赖性消光揭示了非常大(> 1微米)颗粒的存在,这些颗粒对破坏性过程具有抵抗力。在稍后的时间(500-900天),近红外热辐射显示尘埃质量的加速增长,标志着超新星从拱星转变为以喷出物为主的尘埃来源。这提供了在具有致密星周介质的超新星中早期和晚期尘埃质量演化之间的联系。

英文摘要:

The origin of dust in galaxies is still a mystery. The majority of the refractory elements are produced in supernova explosions but it is unclear how and where dust grains condense and grow, and how they avoid destruction in the harsh environments of star-forming galaxies. The recent detection of 0.1-0.5 solar masses of dust in nearby supernova remnants suggests in situ dust formation, while other observations reveal very little dust in supernovae the first few years after explosion. Observations of the bright SN 2010jl have been interpreted as pre-existing dust, dust formation or no dust at all. Here we report the rapid (40-240 days) formation of dust in its dense circumstellar medium. The wavelength dependent extinction of this dust reveals the presence of very large (> 1 micron) grains, which are resistant to destructive processes. At later times (500-900 days), the near-IR thermal emission shows an accelerated growth in dust mass, marking the transition of the supernova from a circumstellar- to an ejecta-dominated source of dust. This provides the link between the early and late dust mass evolution in supernovae with dense circumstellar media.

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