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arXiv 2110.08752astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR
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SN 2015 bq:一颗具有早期通量过剩的明亮Ia型超新星

SN 2015bq: A Luminous Type Ia Supernova with Early Flux Excess

Liping Li, Jujia Zhang, Benzhong Dai, Wenxiong Li, Xiaofeng Wang, Qian Zhai, Jinming Bai

摘要:

我们目前的光学和紫外(UV)观测的发光Ia型超新星(SN Ia)SN 2015bq的特点是早期的流量过剩。这个SN在$M_B = -19.68 \pm 0.41$等处达到B波段绝对星等,在$L = (1.75 \pm 0.37) \times 10^{43}$ erg s $^{-1}$处达到最高辐射热光度,最大值后下降率相对较小[ $Δm_{15}(B) = 0.82 \pm 0.05$等]。爆炸后几天,在SN 2015 bq的光变曲线中观察到的通量过剩,特别是在紫外波段,可能是由于混入表面的$^{56}$ Ni的放射性衰变造成的。来自表面$^{56}$ Ni的衰变的辐射加热该SN的外层。它产生蓝色的$U-B$颜色,随后在早期阶段单调变红,占主导地位的铁族线,和弱的中等质量元素的吸收功能的早期光谱。表面中增强的$^{56}$ Ni的情况与爆炸期间合成的大量$^{56}$ Ni($M_{ \rm ^{56}{\rm Ni}}$ = 0.97 $\pm 0.20$ $M_{\odot}$)一致。SN 2015bq的性质位于SN 1991 T和SN 1999 aa之间,表明SN 1999 aa和SN 1991 T可能有共同的起源。

英文摘要:

We present optical and ultraviolet (UV) observations of a luminous type Ia supernova (SN Ia) SN 2015bq characterized by the early flux excess. This SN reaches a B-band absolute magnitude at $M_B = -19.68 \pm 0.41$ mag and a peak bolometric luminosity at $L = (1.75 \pm 0.37) \times 10^{43}$ erg s$^{-1}$, with a relatively small post-maximum decline rate [$Δm_{15}(B) = 0.82 \pm 0.05$ mag]. The flux excess observed in the light curves of SN 2015bq a few days after the explosion, especially seen in the UV bands, might be due to the radioactive decay of $^{56}$Ni mixed into the surface. The radiation from the decay of the surface $^{56}$Ni heats the outer layer of this SN. It produces blue $U-B$ color followed by monotonically reddening in the early phase, dominated iron-group lines, and weak intermediate-mass elements absorption features in the early spectra. The scenario of enhanced $^{56}$Ni in the surface is consistent with a large amount of $^{56}$Ni ($M_{ \rm ^{56}{\rm Ni}}$ = 0.97 $\pm 0.20$ $M_{\odot}$) synthesized during the explosion. The properties of SN 2015bq are found to locate between SN 1991T and SN 1999aa, suggesting the latter two subclasses of SNe Ia may have a common origin.

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