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arXiv 1406.7482astro-ph.CO
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普朗克中间结果。XXIV。基本常数变化的限制

Planck intermediate results. XXIV. Constraints on variation of fundamental constants

P. A. R. Ade, N. Aghanim, M. Arnaud, M. Ashdown, J. Aumont, C. Baccigalupi, A. J. Banday, R. B. Barreiro, E. Battaner, K. Benabed, A. Benoit-Lévy, J. -P. Bernar… 展开作者

P. A. R. Ade, N. Aghanim, M. Arnaud, M. Ashdown, J. Aumont, C. Baccigalupi, A. J. Banday, R. B. Barreiro, E. Battaner, K. Benabed, A. Benoit-Lévy, J. -P. Bernard, M. Bersanelli, P. Bielewicz, J. R. Bond, J. Borrill, F. R. Bouchet, C. Burigana, R. C. Butler, E. Calabrese, A. Chamballu, H. C. Chiang, P. R. Christensen, D. L. Clements, L. P. L. Colombo, F. Couchot, A. Curto, F. Cuttaia, L. Danese, R. D. Davies, R. J. Davis, P. de Bernardis, A. de Rosa, G. de Zotti, J. Delabrouille, J. M. Diego, H. Dole, O. Doré, X. Dupac, T. A. Enßlin, H. K. Eriksen, O. Fabre, F. Finelli, O. Forni, M. Frailis, E. Franceschi, S. Galeotta, S. Galli, K. Ganga, M. Giard, J. González-Nuevo, K. M. Górski, A. Gregorio, A. Gruppuso, F. K. Hansen, D. Hanson, D. L. Harrison, S. Henrot-Versillé, C. Hernández-Monteagudo, D. Herranz, S. R. Hildebrandt, E. Hivon, M. Hobson, W. A. Holmes, A. Hornstrup, W. Hovest, K. M. Huffenberger, A. H. Jaffe, W. C. Jones, E. Keihänen, R. Keskitalo, R. Kneissl, J. Knoche, M. Kunz, H. Kurki-Suonio, J. -M. Lamarre, A. Lasenby, C. R. Lawrence, R. Leonardi, J. Lesgourgues, M. Liguori, P. B. Lilje, M. Linden-Vørnle, M. López-Caniego, P. M. Lubin, J. F. Macías-Pérez, N. Mandolesi, M. Maris, P. G. Martin, E. Martínez-González, S. Masi, S. Matarrese, P. Mazzotta, P. R. Meinhold, A. Melchiorri, L. Mendes, E. Menegoni, A. Mennella, M. Migliaccio, M. -A. Miville-Deschênes, A. Moneti, L. Montier, G. Morgante, A. Moss, D. Munshi, J. A. Murphy, P. Naselsky, F. Nati, P. Natoli, H. U. Nørgaard-Nielsen, F. Noviello, D. Novikov, I. Novikov, C. A. Oxborrow, L. Pagano, F. Pajot, D. Paoletti, F. Pasian, G. Patanchon, O. Perdereau, L. Perotto, F. Perrotta, F. Piacentini, M. Piat, E. Pierpaoli, D. Pietrobon, S. Plaszczynski, E. Pointecouteau, G. Polenta, N. Ponthieu, L. Popa, G. W. Pratt, S. Prunet, J. P. Rachen, R. Rebolo, M. Reinecke, M. Remazeilles, C. Renault, S. Ricciardi, I. Ristorcelli, G. Rocha, G. Roudier, B. Rusholme, M. Sandri, G. Savini, D. Scott, L. D. Spencer, V. Stolyarov, R. Sudiwala, D. Sutton, A. -S. Suur-Uski, J. -F. Sygnet, J. A. Tauber, D. Tavagnacco, L. Terenzi, L. Toffolatti, M. Tomasi, M. Tristram, M. Tucci, J. -P. Uzan, L. Valenziano, J. Valiviita, B. Van Tent, P. Vielva, F. Villa, L. A. Wade, D. Yvon, A. Zacchei, A. Zonca

摘要:

基本物理常数的任何变化,尤其是精细结构常数$α$或电子质量$m_e$的任何变化,都会影响宇宙的复合历史,并在宇宙微波背景角功率谱上留下印记。我们表明,普朗克数据允许一个改进的约束的精细结构常数在红移$z\sim 10^3$的时间变化的约5倍相比,WMAP数据,以及打破与哈勃常数,$H_0$的简并。除了$α$之外,我们还可以对电子质量的变化$m_{\rm e}$以及两个常数的同时变化设置约束。我们详细研究了基本常数和宇宙学参数之间的简并性,以比较从普朗克和WMAP得到的限制,并确定通过包括其他宇宙学探测器获得的约束力。我们的结论是,独立的精细结构常数和电子的质量的时间变化受到普朗克${Δα}/α= (3.6\pm 3.7)\times10^{-3}$和${Δm_{\rm e}}/{m_{\rm e}}= (4 \pm 11)\times10^{-3}$在68%的置信水平。我们还调查的精细结构常数的空间变化的可能性。$α$的偶极空间变化的相对振幅(对应于穿过我们的哈勃体积的梯度)被限制为$δα/α=(-2.4\pm 3.7)\times 10^{-2}$。

英文摘要:

Any variation of the fundamental physical constants, and more particularly of the fine structure constant, $α$, or of the mass of the electron, $m_e$, would affect the recombination history of the Universe and cause an imprint on the cosmic microwave background angular power spectra. We show that the Planck data allow one to improve the constraint on the time variation of the fine structure constant at redshift $z\sim 10^3$ by about a factor of 5 compared to WMAP data, as well as to break the degeneracy with the Hubble constant, $H_0$. In addition to $α$, we can set a constraint on the variation of the mass of the electron, $m_{\rm e}$, and on the simultaneous variation of the two constants. We examine in detail the degeneracies between fundamental constants and the cosmological parameters, in order to compare the limits obtained from Planck and WMAP and to determine the constraining power gained by including other cosmological probes. We conclude that independent time variations of the fine structure constant and of the mass of the electron are constrained by Planck to ${Δα}/α= (3.6\pm 3.7)\times10^{-3}$ and ${Δm_{\rm e}}/{m_{\rm e}}= (4 \pm 11)\times10^{-3}$ at the 68% confidence level. We also investigate the possibility of a spatial variation of the fine structure constant. The relative amplitude of a dipolar spatial variation of $α$ (corresponding to a gradient across our Hubble volume) is constrained to be $δα/α=(-2.4\pm 3.7)\times 10^{-2}$.

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