Electrically-neutral massive color-singlet and color-octet vector bosons, which are often predicted in Beyond the Standard Model theories, have the potential to be discovered as dijet resonances at the LHC. A color-singlet resonance that has leptophobic couplings needs further investigation to be distinguished from a color-octet one. In previous work, we introduced a method for discriminating between the two kinds of resonances when their couplings are flavor-universal, using measurements of the dijet resonance mass, total decay width and production cross-section. Here, we describe an extension of that method to cover a more general scenario, in which the vector resonances could have flavor non-universal couplings; essentially, we incorporate measurements of the heavy-flavor decays of the resonance into the method. We present our analysis in a model-independent manner for a dijet resonance with mass 2.5-6.0 TeV at the LHC with $\sqrt{s}=14$ TeV and integrated luminosities 30, 100, 300 and 1000 ${\rm fb}^{-1}$, and show that the measurements of the heavy-flavor decays should allow conclusive identification of the vector boson. Note that our method is generally applicable even for a Z' boson with non-Standard invisible decays. We include an appendix of results for various resonance couplings and masses to illustrate how well each observable must be measured to distinguish colorons from Z' bosons.
Using recent D0 data on the dijet mass spectrum, we present a limit on flavor-universal colorons. At 95% CL we find Mc/cot(theta) > 837 GeV. We discuss the implications of this limit for models of quark compositeness, non-standard gluon interactions, and dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking. In addition, we place a lower bound Lambda_A8 > 2.1 TeV on the scale of color-octet axial-vector contact interactions among quarks which could arise in models of quark compositeness.
A flavor-universal extension of the strong interactions was recently proposed in response to the apparent excess of high-$E_T$ jets in the inclusive jet spectrum measured at the Tevatron. The color octet of massive gauge bosons (`colorons') that is present in the low-energy spectrum of the model's Higgs phase is studied here. Experimental constraints already imply that the coloron mass must exceed 870-1000 GeV. The import of recent Tevatron data and the prospective input from future experiments are also mentioned.
Ordinary technicolor and extended technicolor cannot produce the heavy top quark unaided. We demonstrate that a flavor-universal extension of the color interactions combined with an extended hypercharge sector that singles out the third generation can provide the necessary assistance. We discuss current experimental constraints and suggest how collider experiments can search for the predicted new heavy gauge bosons.
In this paper we introduce a simple renormalizable model of an extended color gauge sector in which the third-generation quarks couple differently than the lighter quarks. In addition to a set of heavy color-octet vector bosons (colorons), the model also contains a set of heavy weak vector quarks. Mixing between the third-generation of quarks and the first two is naturally small, and occurs only through the (suppressed) mixing of all three generations with the heavy vector quarks. We discuss the constraints on this model arising from limits on flavor-changing neutral currents and from collider…
In this paper we study the phenomenology of color-octet and color-singlet scalars in the flavorful Top-Coloron model. We discuss the relevant production mechanisms at hadron colliders and the dominant decay modes, highlighting the most promising signatures for discovery, and derive bounds on the masses of the new scalars from LHC and Tevatron data. Of particular interest is the case in which color-octet scalars are pair produced and each decay to t cbar or tbar c, leading to a same-sign-dilepton final state. LHC data places a lower limit of 440 GeV on the octet mass in this scenario. The case …
This talk discusses the possibility of new physics within the strong gauge interactions, specifically the idea of an extended color gauge group that is spontaneously broken to QCD. After a brief review of the literature, three of our recent pieces of work on coloron phenomenology are summarized. First, some key results on coloron production to NLO at hadron colliders are described. Next, a method of using associated production of colorons and weak vector bosons to better determine coloron couplings is discussed. Finally, a new model that naturally realizes flavor physics is reviewed.
A flavor-universal extension of the strong interactions was recently proposed in response to the apparent excess of high-$E_T$ jets in the inclusive jet spectrum measured at the Tevatron. This paper studies the color octet of massive gauge bosons (`colorons') that is present in the low-energy spectrum of the model's Higgs phase. Constraints from searches for new particles decaying to dijets and from measurements of the weak-interaction $ρ$ parameter imply that the colorons must have masses greater than 870-1000 GeV. The implications of recent Tevatron data and the prospective input from future…
We briefly describe the structure and phenomenology of a flavor-universal extension of the strong interactions, focusing on the color-octet of massive gauge bosons (`colorons') present in the low-energy spectrum. We discuss current limits on the colorons and what future measurements may reveal.
Anticipating that a di-jet resonance could be discovered at the 14 TeV LHC, we present two different strategies to reveal the nature of such a particle; in particular to discern whether it is a quark-antiquark (qqbar), quark-gluon (qg), or gluon-gluon (gg) resonance. The first method relies on the color discriminant variable, which can be calculated at the LHC from the measurements of the di-jet signal cross section, the resonance mass and the resonance width. Including estimated statistical uncertainties and experimental resolution, we show that a qg excited quark resonance can be efficiently…
Gauged flavor symmetries at low energies have been proposed in models of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking and fermion mass generation. The massive flavor gauge bosons give rise to corrections to precisely measured electroweak quantities. We perform a fit to collider electroweak data and place indirect limits on such new physics. In particular we study several models from the literature: universal coloron; chiral top color; chiral, quark family symmetry; SU(9) and SU(12) chiral, flavor symmetry. The 95% exclusion limits on the mass of the heavy gauge bosons for these models, at their cri…
With the help of the generalized Wolfenstein parametrization of quark flavor mixing and CP violation, we calculate fine differences between the twin $b$-flavored unitarity triangles defined by $V^{*}_{ub} V^{}_{ud} + V^{*}_{cb} V^{}_{cd} + V^{*}_{tb} V^{}_{td} = 0$ and $V^{*}_{ud} V^{}_{td} + V^{*}_{us} V^{}_{ts} + V^{*}_{ub} V^{}_{tb} = 0$ in the complex plane. We find that vertices of the rescaled versions of these two triangles, described respectively by $\barρ + {\rm i} \barη = -\left(V^{*}_{ub} V^{}_{ud}\right)/\left(V^{*}_{cb} V^{}_{cd}\right)$ and $\widetildeρ + {\rm i} \widetildeη = -\…
The search for heavy resonances has for long been a part of the physics programme at colliders. Traditionally, the dijet channel has been examined as part of this search. Here, bottom pair production is examined as a possible search channel. The chiral color model (flavor universal as well as non-universal) and the flavor universal coloron model are chosen as templates of models that predict the existence of heavy colored gauge bosons. It is seen that, apart from the resonance, the interference of the Standard Model and new physics amplitudes could provide a useful signal. Of particular intere…
We study hypothetical gauge bosons that may produce dijet resonances at the LHC. Simple renormalizable models include leptophobic Z' bosons or colorons that have flavor-independent couplings and decay into a color-singlet or -octet quark-antiquark pair, respectively. We present the experimental results on dijet resonances at hadron colliders as limits in the coupling-versus-mass plane of a gauge boson associated with baryon number. This theoretical framework facilitates a direct comparison of dijet resonance searches performed at different center-of-mass energies or at different colliders.
Di-jet resonance searches are simple, yet powerful and model-independent, probes for discovering new particles at hadron colliders. Once such a resonance has been discovered it is important to determine the mass, spin, couplings, chiral behavior and color properties to determine the underlying theoretical structure. We propose a new variable which, in the absence of decays of the resonance into new non-standard states, distinguishes between color-octet and color-singlet resonances. To keep our study widely applicable we study phenomenological models of color-octet and color-singlet resonances …
An SU(2) vectorlike singlet quark with a charge either +2/3 (t') or -1/3 (b') is predicted in many extensions of the Standard Model. The mixing of these quarks with the top or bottom lead to Flavor Changing Yukawa Interactions and Neutral Current. The decay modes of the heavier mass eigenstates are therefore different from the Standard Model type chiral quarks. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will provide an ideal environment to look for the signals of these exotic quarks. Considering all decays, including those involving Z- and Yukawa interactions, we show how one can distinguish between t' a…
The lepton and dilepton charge asymmetries from $B_{d}$ and $B_{s}$ are predicted to be small in the standard model, whereas new physics could increase their values significantly. In this paper, we explore the use of the lepton asymmetries as a probe of the flavor structure of supersymmetric theories. In particular, we determine the sensitivity to parameters of various models. We find that in many interesting models which attempt to address the supersymmetric flavor problem, the mixing structure is such that it could be possible to detect new physics. The predictions are model dependent; with …
We discuss the possibility of using the observables deduced from the angular distribution of the $B\to D^{(\ast)} \ell\barν$ decays to test the effects of lepton flavor universality violation (LFUV). We show that the measurement of even a subset of these observables could be very helpful in distinguishing the Lorentz structure of the New Physics contributions to these decays. To do so we use the low energy effective theory in which besides the Standard Model contribution we add all possible Lorentz structures with the couplings (Wilson coefficients) that are determined by matching theory with …
Distinguishing the flavor of $B$ and $\overline B$ hadrons is critical in studies of CP-violation, $B^0 -\overline{B^0}$ mixing, and the underlying $b$-decay mechanisms. Methods of $b$ ``flavor tagging" are broadly divided into ``opposite $b$" tagging and self-tagging of the signal $b$ hadron. The former, while understood, has the perceived drawback of low efficiency. The latter, while having the potential for an order of magnitude higher efficiency, has yet to be demonstrated for neutral $B$ hadrons. In this article we review opposite $b$ tagging in light of methods whose efficacy has only re…
A comparative study of two predictive SO(10) models, namely the BPW model (proposed by Babu, Pati and Wilczek) and the AB model (proposed by Albright and Barr) is done based on their predictions regarding CP and flavor violations. The values of Δm_K, ε_K, Δm_{B_d} and S(B_d\to J/ψK_S) are found, in both models, to be close to SM predictions, in good agreement with data. Both models predict that S(B_d\to ϕK_S) should lie in the range +0.65-0.74, close to the SM prediction and that the EDM of the neutron \approx (few\times 10^{-26})e-cm. It is found that $Br(μ\to eγ)$ in the AB model is generica…
We calculated the differential cross sections of the processes in which one of the pair created tau particles at an e^+ e^- collider decays into lepton flavor violating final states e.g. tau -> mu gamma, tau -> 3 mu, tau -> mu ee. Using the correlations between angular distributions of both sides of tau decays, we can obtain information on parity and CP violations of lepton flavor non-conserving interactions. The formulae derived here are useful in distinguishing different models, since each model of physics beyond the standard model predicts different angular correlations. We also calculate a…
We propose an alternative method of constructing two Higgs-doublet models free from scalar mediated FCNC couplings at the tree-level. In a toy scenario, we have presented semi realistic textures for the Yukawa matrices, which can reproduce the approximate flavor structure in the quark sector. Presence of flavor diagonal but nonuniversal Yukawa couplings emerges as a distinguishing feature of such models.
The properties of light leptoquarks predicted in the context of a simple grand unified theory and their observability at the LHC are investigated. The SU(5) symmetry of the theory implies that the leptoquark couplings to matter are related to the neutrino mass matrix. We study the resulting connection between neutrino masses and mixing parameters and the leptoquark decays, and show that different light neutrino hierarchies imply distinctive leptoquark decay signatures. We also discuss low-energy constraints implied by searches for charged lepton flavour violation, studies of meson decays, and …
We investigate the possible presence of Flavor Changing Neutral Current (FCNC) couplings of the top quark with gluon and photon through $e^-p\to e^-tj$ process at the Future Circular Collider in the proton-electron mode (FCC-he). Focusing on disentangling the effects of different couplings that could be present, we exploit the presence of the scattered electron, the angular distribution of which is sensitive to the type of coupling involved. Top quark polarisation accessed through the angular distribution of the decay lepton provides additional handle in identifying the nature of the couplings…
The existence of certain TeV suppressed higher-dimension operators may open up new decay channels for the Higgs boson to decay into lighter right-handed neutrinos. These channels may dominate over all other channels if the Higgs boson is light. For a Higgs boson mass larger than $2 m_W$ the new decays are subdominant yet still of interest. The right-handed neutrinos have macroscopic decay lengths and decay mostly into final states containing leptons and quarks. A distinguishing collider signature of this scenario is a pair of displaced vertices violating lepton number. A general operator analy…
I give an introduction to the QCD-based theory of the heavy flavor hadrons and their weak decays. Trying to remain at the next-to-elementary level and skip technicalities, I concentrate on the qualitative description of the most important applications and physical meaning of the theoretical statements. The numerical results of the dedicated theoretical analyses of extracting V_cb are given and the possibilities to determine V_ub in future are discussed. At the same time I describe in simple language subtle peculiarities distinguishing actual QCD of heavy quarks from naive quantum mechanical tr…
Distinguishing the Dirac and Majorana nature of neutrinos remains one of the most important tasks in neutrino physics. By assuming that the $τ^- \to π^- μ^- e^+ ν$ (or $\barν$) decay is resonantly enhanced by the exchange of an intermediate mass sterile neutrino $N$, we show that the energy spectrum of emitted pions and muons can be used to easily distinguish between the Dirac and Majorana nature of $N$. This method takes advantage of the fact that the flavor of light neutrinos is not identified in the tau decay under consideration. We find that it is particularly advantageous, because of no c…
