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arXiv 1404.2185astro-ph.CO
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光在平均宇宙中的传播

Light propagation in the averaged universe

Samae Bagheri, Dominik J. Schwarz

摘要:

宇宙结构决定了光如何在宇宙中传播,因此在解释观测结果时必须加以考虑。在最大尺度的标准宇宙学模型中,这种结构要么被忽略,要么被视为对各向同性和均匀宇宙的小扰动。这种各向同性和均匀的模型通常被认为是在最大尺度上从某种平均过程中产生的。我们假设存在一个保持时空因果结构的平均过程。基于这一假设,我们研究了平均时空几何的影响,并推导出零测地线运动方程的平均版本。对于平均几何,我们假设一个平坦的弗里德曼-勒梅特(FL)模型,并发现在这个平均FL模型中的光传播不是由该模型的零测地线给出的,而是由一个修改后的光传播方程给出的,该方程包含一个有效的哈勃膨胀率,它不同于平均时空的哈勃膨胀率。

英文摘要:

Cosmic structures determine how light propagates through the Universe and consequently must be taken into account in the interpretation of observations. In the standard cosmological model at the largest scales, such structures are either ignored or treated as small perturbations to an isotropic and homogeneous Universe. This isotropic and homogeneous model is commonly assumed to emerge from some averaging process at the largest scales. We assume that there exists an averaging procedure that preserves the causal structure of space-time. Based on that assumption, we study the effects of averaging the geometry of space-time and derive an averaged version of the null geodesic equation of motion. For the averaged geometry we then assume a flat Friedmann-Lemaître (FL) model and find that light propagation in this averaged FL model is not given by null geodesics of that model, but rather by a modified light propagation equation that contains an effective Hubble expansion rate, which differs from the Hubble rate of the averaged space-time.

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