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arXiv 1107.1176astro-ph.COgr-qc
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近FRW宇宙中的光传播和平均膨胀率

Light propagation and the average expansion rate in near-FRW universes

Syksy Rasanen

摘要:

我们认为宇宙接近弗里德曼-罗伯逊-沃克在这个意义上的度量扰动,他们的时间导数和一阶空间导数是小的,但二阶空间导数不受约束。我们表明,如果我们另外假设,观察者的四速度是接近其背景值和接近的四速度定义的超曲面的平均,红移和平均膨胀率保持接近FRW的情况。然而,这对于角直径距离是不正确的。四速度假设意味着对度量和/或物质含量的二阶导数的某些条件。

英文摘要:

We consider universes that are close to Friedmann-Robertson-Walker in the sense that metric perturbations, their time derivatives and first spatial derivatives are small, but second spatial derivatives are not constrained. We show that if we in addition assume that the observer four-velocity is close to its background value and close to the four-velocity which defines the hypersurface of averaging, the redshift and the average expansion rate remain close to the FRW case. However, this is not true for the angular diameter distance. The four-velocity assumption implies certain conditions on second derivatives of the metric and/or the matter content.

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