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arXiv 1402.6511gr-qc
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静态时空中孪生子佯谬的局部和整体几何性质:I。三球对称时空

The local and global geometrical aspects of the twin paradox in static spacetimes: I. Three spherically symmetric spacetimes

Leszek M. Sokołowski, Zdzisław A. Golda

摘要:

本文研究了三个静态球对称时空中类时测地线的局部和全局性质。这些性质本身具有数学相关性,并为物理上的“孪生子悖论”问题提供了解决办法。后者意味着我们的研究集中在寻找两个给定点之间的最长类时测地线。由于问题与解决测地线偏差方程,我们限制我们的调查,以径向和圆形(如果存在)测地线。在这些曲线上,我们求出一般的Jacobi向量场,用它们确定共扼点序列,并借助于共动坐标系和球对称性确定截点。这些概念确定了局部或全局最大长度的径向和圆形gepdesics的片段。在德西特时空中,所有测地线都是全局极大的。在CAdS和Bertotti-Robinson时空中,在空间中的对极点之间无限次振荡的径向测地线包含无限多个等距共枕点,并且不存在其它割点。然而,在这两个时空中,每一条不穿过中心的向外或向内的径向测地线都具有全局最大长度。圆测地线只存在于CAdS时空中,并且包含一个无限序列的等间距共夫点。在这些点上与圆曲线相交的测地线可以属于两曲面$θ=π/2$,也可以位于它的外部。

英文摘要:

We investigate local and global properties of timelike geodesics in three static spherically symmetric spacetimes. These properties are of its own mathematical relevance and provide a solution of the physical `twin paradox' problem. The latter means that we focus our studies on the search of the longest timelike geodesics between two given points. Due to problems with solving the geodesic deviation equation we restrict our investigations to radial and circular (if exist) geodesics. On these curves we find general Jacobi vector fields, determine by means of them sequences of conjugate points and with the aid of the comoving coordinate system and the spherical symmetry we determine the cut points. These notions identify segments of radial and circular gepdesics which are locally or globally of maximal length. In de Sitter spacetime all geodesics are globally maximal. In CAdS and Bertotti--Robinson spacetimes the radial geodesics which infinitely many times oscillate between antipodal points in the space contain infinite number of equally separated conjugate points and there are no other cut points. Yet in these two spacetimes each outgoing or ingoing radial geodesic which does not cross the centre is globally of maximal length. Circular geodesics exist only in CAdS spacetime and contain an infinite sequence of equally separated conjugate points. The geodesic curves which intersect the circular ones at these points may either belong to the two-surface $θ=π/2$ or lie outside it.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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