加速度和定域性在孪生佯谬中的作用
The role of acceleration and locality in the twin paradox
摘要：
我们研究了加速度在孪生子悖论中的作用。从加速度观测者和惯性观测者的坐标变换中，我们发现，从加速度观测者的观点来看，时间的微分流逝率不仅取决于相对速度，而且还取决于加速度与观测者之间的距离的乘积。然而，该结果不具有直接的操作解释，因为在某个位置处的观察者只能测量在相同位置处定义的物理量。对于局部测量，两个观察者之间的不对称性可以归因于这样的事实，即与惯性坐标系相反，非惯性坐标系只能在局部被正确解释。
英文摘要：
We study the role of acceleration in the twin paradox. From the coordinate transformation that relates an accelerated and an inertial observer we find that, from the point of view of the accelerated observer, the rate of the differential lapses of time depends not only on the relative velocity, but also on the product of the acceleration and the distance between the observers. However, this result does not have a direct operational interpretation because an observer at a certain position can measure only physical quantities that are defined at the same position. For local measurements, the asymmetry between the two observers can be attributed to the fact that noninertial coordinate systems, contrary to inertial coordinate systems, can be correctly interpreted only locally.
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