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arXiv 0910.5847gr-qcphysics.class-ph
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时间、拓扑学与双生子

Time, Topology and the Twin Paradox

J. -P. Luminet

摘要:

孪生子悖论是与爱因斯坦相对论相关的最著名的思想实验。一名宇航员乘坐高速火箭进入太空,回到家后发现他比留在地球上的双胞胎还年轻。这个结果似乎令人困惑,因为情况似乎是对称的,因为居家双胞胎可以被认为是相对于旅行者完成了旅行。因此,它被称为“悖论”。事实上,在无限平坦空间的狭义相对论中,并不存在矛盾,表观佯谬有一个简单的解决方案。在广义相对论(处理引力场和弯曲时空)中,或者在超球面或多连通有限空间等紧凑空间中,悖论更为复杂,但它的解决提供了关于时空结构和惯性参考系之间等效性的限制的新见解。

英文摘要:

The twin paradox is the best known thought experiment associated with Einstein's theory of relativity. An astronaut who makes a journey into space in a high-speed rocket will return home to find he has aged less than a twin who stayed on Earth. This result appears puzzling, since the situation seems symmetrical, as the homebody twin can be considered to have done the travelling with respect to the traveller. Hence it is called a "paradox". In fact, there is no contradiction and the apparent paradox has a simple resolution in Special Relativity with infinite flat space. In General Relativity (dealing with gravitational fields and curved space-time), or in a compact space such as the hypersphere or a multiply connected finite space, the paradox is more complicated, but its resolution provides new insights about the structure of spacetime and the limitations of the equivalence between inertial reference frames.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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