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arXiv 1402.5263astro-ph.SR
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由MUCHFUSS项目发现的双星:SDSS J162256 .66 $+$ 473051.1 -一个有褐矮星伴星的食亚矮星B双星

Binaries discovered by the MUCHFUSS project: SDSS J162256.66$+$473051.1 - An eclipsing subdwarf B binary with a brown dwarf companion

V. Schaffenroth, S. Geier, U. Heber, T. Kupfer, E. Ziegerer, C. Heuser, L. Classen, O. Cordes

摘要:

热亚矮星B星(英语:Hot subdwarf B stars,简称sdBs)是位于水平分支的核心燃烧氦的恒星。大约一半的已知sdB星是在近距离双星中发现的。它们的轨道周期很短,只有1.2小时到几天,这表明它们是后共同包层系统。超高温亚矮星双星虽然罕见,但对确定恒星的基本参数很重要。低质量的伴星通过反射效应被识别。在大多数情况下,伴星是一颗接近恒星质量极限的主序星。在这里,我们报告了在MUCHFUSS项目过程中发现的一颗轨道周期非常短(0.0697 d)的食热亚矮星双星SDSS J162256.66+473051.1(J1622)。光变曲线显示出掠食和显著的反射效应。对光速度和径向速度(RV)曲线的分析表明,$q=$的质量比为0.1325,RV半振幅为$K=47.2\rm\,km\,s^{-1}$,倾角为$i=72.33^\circ$。我们发现,伴星质量为0.064 $M_{\rm \odot}$,远低于氢燃烧极限,是最合理的解,这意味着质量接近标准质量(0.47 $M_{\rm \odot}$)的sdB星。因此,这颗伴星是一颗褐矮星,它不仅在被红巨星包层吞没后幸存下来,而且还触发了它的抛射,使sdB星得以形成。J1622的旋转预计将被潮汐锁定在轨道上。然而,J1622旋转太慢($v_{\rm rot}=74.5\pm 7\rm\,km\,s^{-1}$)同步,挑战潮汐相互作用模型。

英文摘要:

Hot subdwarf B stars (sdBs) are core helium-burning stars located on the extreme horizontal branch. About half of the known sdB stars are found in close binaries. Their short orbital periods of 1.2 h to a few days suggest that they are post common-envelope systems. Eclipsing hot subdwarf binaries are rare, but important to determine the fundamental stellar parameters. Low-mass companions are identified by the reflection effect. In most cases the companion is a main sequence star near the stellar mass limit. Here we report the discovery of an eclipsing hot subdwarf binary SDSS J162256.66+473051.1 (J1622) of very short orbital period (0.0697 d), found in the course of the MUCHFUSS project. The lightcurve shows grazing eclipses and a prominent reflection effect. An analysis of the light- and radial velocity (RV) curves indicated a mass ratio of $q=$ 0.1325, an RV semiamplitude $K=47.2\rm\,km\,s^{-1}$, and an inclination of $i=72.33^\circ$. We show that a companion mass of 0.064 $M_{\rm \odot}$, well below the hydrogen-burning limit, is the most plausible solution, which implies a mass close to the canonical mass (0.47 $M_{\rm \odot}$) of the sdB star. Therefore, the companion is a brown dwarf, which not only survived the engulfment by the red-giant envelope, but also triggered its ejection, and enabled the sdB star to form. The rotation of J1622 is expected to be tidally locked to the orbit. However, J1622 rotates too slowly ($v_{\rm rot}=74.5\pm 7\rm\,km\,s^{-1}$) to be synchronized, challenging tidal interaction models.

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