In this paper we study the problem of prescribing the Gaussian curvature under a conformal change of the metric. We are concerned with the problem posed on a subdomain of the 2-sphere under Neumann boundary conditions of the conformal factor.
If the area of the subdomain is greater than 2π, the associated energy functional is no longer bounded from below. We treat this case by using min-max techniques, giving a new existence result that generalizes and unifies previous work on the argument.
In this paper we study a non-homogeneous Neumann problem, where the $p(x)$-Laplacian is involved and $p=\infty$ in a subdomain. By considering a suitable sequence $p_k$ of bounded variable exponents such that $p_k \to p$ and replacing $p$ with $p_k$ in the original problem, we prove the existence of a solution $u_k$ for each of those intermediate ones. We show that the limit of the $u_k$ exists and after giving a variational characterization of it, in the part of the domain where $p$ is bounded, we show that it is a viscosity solution in the part where $p=\infty$. Finally, we formulate the pro…
We study the recovery of piecewise analytic density and stiffness tensor of a three-dimensional domain from the local dynamical Dirichlet-to-Neumann map. We give global uniqueness results if the medium is transversely isotropic with known axis of symmetry or orthorhombic with known symmetry planes on each subdomain. We also obtain uniqueness of a fully anisotropic stiffness tensor, assuming that it is piecewise constant and that the interfaces which separate the subdomains have curved portions. The domain partition need not to be known. Precisely, we show that a domain partition consisting of …
We present a model for nonlocal diffusion with Neumann boundary conditions in a bounded smooth domain prescribing the flux through the boundary. We study the limit of this family of nonlocal diffusion operators when a rescaling parameter related to the kernel of the nonlocal operator goes to zero. We prove that the solutions of this family of problems converge to a solution of the heat equation with Neumann boundary conditions.
In this paper we consider the problem of prescribing the Gaussian and geodesic curvature on a disk and its boundary, respectively, via a conformal change of the metric. This leads us to a Liouville-type equation with a nonlinear Neumann boundary condition. We address the question of existence by setting the problem in a variational framework which seems to be completely new in the literature. We are able to find minimizers under symmetry assumptions.
In this article, we show that prescribing homogeneous Neumann type numerical boundary conditions at an outflow boundary yields a convergent discretization in $\ell^\infty$ for transport equations. We show in particular that the Neumann numerical boundary condition is a stable, local, and absorbing numerical boundary condition for discretized transport equations. Our main result is proved for explicit two time level numerical approximations of transport operators with arbitrarily wide stencils. The proof is based on the energy method and bypasses any normal mode analysis.
The present paper is devoted to geometric optimization problems related to the Neumann eigenvalue problem for the Laplace-Beltrami operator on bounded subdomains $Ω$ of a Riemannian manifold $(\mathcal{M},g)$. More precisely, we analyze locally extremal domains for the first nontrivial eigenvalue $μ_2(Ω)$ with respect to volume preserving domain perturbations, and we show that corresponding notions of criticality arise in the form of overdetermined boundary problems. Our results rely on an extension of Zanger's shape derivative formula which covers the case when $μ_2(Ω)$ is not a simple eigenv…
We consider the inverse boundary value problem of recovering piecewise homogeneous elastic tensor and piecewise homogeneous mass density from a localized lateral Dirichlet-to-Neumann or Neumann-to-Dirichlet map for the elasticity equation in the space-time domain. We derive uniqueness for identifying these tensor and density on all domains of homogeneity that may be reached from the part of the boundary where the measurements are taken by a chain of subdomains whose successive interfaces contain a curved portion.
We study a nonlocal diffusion operator in a bounded smooth domain prescribing the flux through the boundary. This problem may be seen as a generalization of the usual Neumann problem for the heat equation. First, we prove existence, uniqueness and a comparison principle. Next, we study the behavior of solutions for some prescribed boundary data including blowing up ones. Finally, we look at a nonlinear flux boundary condition.
We study the stiff spectral Neumann problem for the Laplace operator in a smooth bounded domain $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^d$ which is divided into two subdomains: an annulus $Ω_1$ and a core $Ω_0$. The density and the stiffness constants are of order $\varepsilon^{-2m}$ and $\varepsilon^{-1}$ in $Ω_0$, while they are of order $1$ in $Ω_1$. Here $m\in\mathbb{R}$ is fixed and $\varepsilon>0$ is small. We provide asymptotics for the eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenfunctions as $\varepsilon \to 0$ for any $m$. In dimension $2$ the case when $Ω_0$ touches the exterior boudary $\partialΩ$ and $Ω_1$…
We consider a generalized Burger's equation (dtu = dxxu - udxu + up - λu)in a subdomain of R, under various boundary conditions. First, using some phase plane arguments, we study the existence of stationary solutions under Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions and prove a bifurcation depending on the parameters. Then, we compare positive solutions of the parabolic equation with appropriate stationary solutions to prove that global existence can occur for the Dirichlet, the Neumann or the dissipative dynamical boundary conditions σdtu+dνu = 0. Finally, for many boundary conditions, global ex…
In this work we consider the homogeneous Neumann eigenvalue problem for the Laplacian on a bounded Lipschitz domain and a singular perturbation of it, which consists in prescribing zero Dirichlet boundary conditions on a small subset of the boundary. We first describe the sharp asymptotic behaviour of a perturbed eigenvalue, in the case in which it is converging to a simple eigenvalue of the limit Neumann problem. The first term in the asymptotic expansion turns out to depend on the Sobolev capacity of the subset where the perturbed eigenfunction is vanishing. Then we focus on the case of Diri…
Let ${\mathcal O} \subset {\mathbb R}^d$ be a bounded domain with the boundary of class $C^{1,1}$. In $L_2({\mathcal O};{\mathbb C}^n)$, a matrix elliptic second order differential operator ${\mathcal A}_{N,\varepsilon}$ with the Neumann boundary condition is considered. Here $\varepsilon>0$ is a small parameter, the coefficients of ${\mathcal A}_{N,\varepsilon}$ are periodic and depend on ${\mathbf x} /\varepsilon$. There are no regularity assumptions on the coefficients. It is shown that the resolvent $({\mathcal A}_{N,\varepsilon}+λI)^{-1}$ converges in the $L_2({\mathcal O};{\mathbb C}^n)$…
We study the inverse boundary value problem for the Helmholtz equation using the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map at selected frequencies as the data. A conditional Lipschitz stability estimate for the inverse problem holds in the case of wavespeeds that are a linear combination of piecewise constant functions (following a domain partition) and gives a framework in which the scheme converges. The stability constant grows exponentially as the number of subdomains in the domain partition increases. We establish an order optimal upper bound for the stability constant. We eventually realize computational …
This paper considers two types of boundary control problems for linear transport equations. The first one shows that transport solutions on a subdomain of a domain X can be controlled exactly from incoming boundary conditions for X under appropriate convexity assumptions. This is in contrast with the only approximate control one typically obtains for elliptic equations by an application of a unique continuation property, a property which we prove does not hold for transport equations. We also consider the control of an outgoing solution from incoming conditions, a transport notion similar to t…
We prove quantitative norm bounds for a family of operators involving impedance boundary conditions on convex, polygonal domains. A robust numerical construction of Helmholtz scattering solutions in variable media via the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator involves a decomposition of the domain into a sequence of rectangles of varying scales and constructing impedance-to-impedance boundary operators on each subdomain. Our estimates in particular ensure the invertibility, with quantitative bounds in the frequency, of the merge operators required to reconstruct the original Dirichlet-to-Neumann opera…
We consider the asymptotic solutions of an interface problem corresponding to an elliptic partial differential equation with Dirich- let boundary condition and transmission condition, subject to the small geometric perturbation and the high contrast ratio of the conductivity. We consider two types of perturbations: the first corresponds to a thin layer coating a fixed bounded domain and the second is the per perturbation of the interface. As the perturbation size tends to zero and the ratio of the conductivities in two subdomains tends to zero, the two-parameter asymptotic expansions on the fi…
Consider a three dimensional piecewise homogeneous anisotropic elastic medium $Ω$ which is a bounded domain consisting of a finite number of bounded subdomains $D_α$, with each $D_α$ a homogeneous elastic medium. One typical example is a finite element model with elements with curvilinear interfaces for an ansiotropic elastic medium. Assuming the $D_α$ are known and Lipschitz, we are concerned with the uniqueness in the inverse boundary value problem of identifying the anisotropic elasticity tensor on $Ω$ from a localized Dirichlet to Neumann map given on a part of the boundary $\partial D_{α_…
This paper concerns the existence of critical points for solutions to second order elliptic equations of the form $\nabla\cdot σ(x)\nabla u=0$ posed on a bounded domain $X$ with prescribed boundary conditions. In spatial dimension $n=2$, it is known that the number of critical points (where $\nabla u=0$) is related to the number of oscillations of the boundary condition independently of the (positive) coefficient $σ$. We show that the situation is different in dimension $n\geq3$. More precisely, we obtain that for any fixed (Dirichlet or Neumann) boundary condition for $u$ on $\partial X$, the…
In this paper we consider the homogenization of the evolution problem associated with a jump process that involves three different smooth kernels that govern the jumps to/from different parts of the domain. We assume that the spacial domain is divided into a sequence of two subdomains $A_n \cup B_n$ and we have three different smooth kernels, one that controls the jumps from $A_n$ to $A_n$, a second one that controls the jumps from $B_n$ to $B_n$ and the third one that governs the interactions between $A_n$ and $B_n$.Assuming that $χ_{A_n} (x) \to X(x)$ weakly in $L^\infty$ (and then $χ_{B_n} …
