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arXiv 1310.8565cond-mat.soft
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受限硬球流体中的局域序变化

Local order variations in confined hard-sphere fluids

Kim Nygård, Sten Sarman, Roland Kjellander

摘要:

在近距离的两个表面之间限制的流体的成对分布对于各种物理、化学和生物现象具有根本重要性,例如溶液中大分子之间的相互作用、表面力和窄孔中的扩散。然而,与体相流体相比,非均匀流体的性质很少在对分布水平上进行研究。受最近的实验进展,在确定各向异性结构因素的约束流体,我们分析了理论上的各向异性对分布的原型硬球流体限制在两个平行的硬表面之间的第一性原理的非均匀流体统计力学。为此,我们引入了一个实验上可访问的整体平均局域密度关联函数,并研究其行为作为限制狭缝宽度的函数。在增加的限制表面之间的距离,我们观察到一个交替序列的强各向异性与各向同性的地方秩序。后者是由于球形颗粒的堆积挫折。这一观察结果突出了在对分布水平上研究非均匀流体的重要性。

英文摘要:

Pair distributions of fluids confined between two surfaces at close distance are of fundamental importance for a variety of physical, chemical, and biological phenomena, such as interactions between macromolecules in solution, surface forces, and diffusion in narrow pores. However, in contrast to bulk fluids, properties of inhomogeneous fluids are seldom studied at the pair-distribution level. Motivated by recent experimental advances in determining anisotropic structure factors of confined fluids, we analyze theoretically the underlying anisotropic pair distributions of the archetypical hard-sphere fluid confined between two parallel hard surfaces using first-principles statistical mechanics of inhomogeneous fluids. For this purpose, we introduce an experimentally accessible ensemble-averaged local density correlation function and study its behavior as a function of confining slit width. Upon increasing the distance between the confining surfaces, we observe an alternating sequence of strongly anisotropic versus more isotropic local order. The latter is due to packing frustration of the spherical particles. This observation highlights the importance of studying inhomogeneous fluids at the pair-distribution level.

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