人类性别偏见迁移的全球模式
Global patterns of sex-biased migrations in humans
摘要：
一系列的研究表明，男性Y染色体的遗传变异的群体组成比女性线粒体DNA（mtDNA）的高，这表明人类群体中存在性别偏见的迁移。然而，这一现象也可能是由于SNPs的非随机抽样造成的确定偏差。为了消除可能的偏见，我们使用了来自1000个基因组计划第一阶段的491个个体的整个Y染色体和mtDNA序列数据来解决性别偏见的迁移争议。我们发现，在全球范围内，种群间的遗传分化是较高的Y染色体比mtDNA。假设雌雄个体的有效种群大小相同，雌个体的迁移率可能是雄个体的3倍。
英文摘要：
A series of studies have revealed the among-population components of genetic variation are higher for the paternal Y chromosome than for the maternal mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which indicates sex-biased migrations in human populations. However, this phenomenon might be also an ascertainment bias due to nonrandom sampling of SNPs. To eliminate the possible bias, we used the whole Y chromosome and mtDNA sequence data of 491 individuals from the 1000 Genomes Project Phase I to address the sex-biased migration dispute. We found that genetic differentiation between populations was higher for Y chromosome than for the mtDNA at global scales. The migration rate of female might be three times higher than that of male, assuming the effective population size is the same for male and female.
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