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arXiv 1306.5671cond-mat.str-el
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利用纠缠熵确定对称保护拓扑序

Identifying Symmetry-Protected Topological Order by Entanglement Entropy

Wei Li, Andreas Weichselbaum, Jan von Delft

摘要:

根据SO(3)群的射影表示分类,自旋1链中存在两个拓扑上不同的能隙相。保序拓扑(SPT)相具有SO(3)群的半整数投影表示,而平凡相具有整数线性表示。在目前的工作中,我们实现非阿贝尔对称性的密度矩阵重整化群(DMRG)的方法,使我们能够跟踪(也控制)的虚键表示,并容易区分SPT相位从平凡的一个通过评估多重态纠缠谱。特别地,使用整数(半整数)表示的熵$S^I$($S^H$),我们可以定义纠缠间隙$G = S^I - S^H$,其在SPT阶段中等于1,并且在平凡阶段中等于$-1$。作为我们建议的应用,我们研究了各种一维和准一维晶格上的自旋为1的模型,包括单链上的双线性-双二次模型,以及两腿梯和三腿管上的海森堡模型。其中,我们证实了自旋为1的管模型中SPT相的存在,并揭示了SPT相和平凡相之间的相变是连续的。的过渡点被发现是关键的,与共形中心电荷$c=3$确定的块纠缠熵拟合。

英文摘要:

According to the classification using projective representations of the SO(3) group, there exist two topologically distinct gapped phases in spin-1 chains. The symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phase possesses half-integer projective representations of the SO(3) group, while the trivial phase possesses integer linear representations. In the present work, we implement non-Abelian symmetries in the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method, allowing us to keep track of (and also control) the virtual bond representations, and to readily distinguish the SPT phase from the trivial one by evaluating the multiplet entanglement spectrum. In particular, using the entropies $S^I$ ($S^H$) of integer (half-integer) representations, we can define an entanglement gap $G = S^I - S^H$, which equals 1 in the SPT phase, and $-1$ in the trivial phase. As application of our proposal, we study the spin-1 models on various 1D and quasi-1D lattices, including the bilinear-biquadratic model on the single chain, and the Heisenberg model on a two-leg ladder and a three-leg tube. Among others, we confirm the existence of an SPT phase in the spin-1 tube model, and reveal that the phase transition between the SPT and the trivial phase is a continuous one. The transition point is found to be critical, with conformal central charge $c=3$ determined by fits to the block entanglement entropy.

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