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arXiv 1306.5298gr-qchep-thquant-ph
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单定域粒子的视界波函数:GUP和量子黑洞衰变

Horizon wave-function for single localized particles: GUP and quantum black hole decay

R. Casadio, F. Scardigli

摘要:

在量子力学中,局域化的粒子可以用位置空间中的波包来描述,而与其能量无关。但从广义相对论的角度来看,如果粒子的能量密度超过一定阈值,就应该是一个黑洞。为了将这两个图像结合起来,我们引入了由位置空间中的粒子波函数确定的视界波函数,这最终产生了粒子是黑洞的概率。黑洞的最小质量自然存在,虽然不是以普朗克尺度附近的一个尖锐值的形式出现,但更像是比普朗克质量轻得多的粒子是黑洞的概率消失了。我们还表明,我们的建设需要一个有效的广义不确定原理(GUP),简单地通过添加来自两个波函数的不确定性与粒子。最后,微观(量子)黑洞的衰变也与GUP的预测一致。

英文摘要:

A localised particle in Quantum Mechanics is described by a wave packet in position space, regardless of its energy. However, from the point of view of General Relativity, if the particle's energy density exceeds a certain threshold, it should be a black hole. In order to combine these two pictures, we introduce a horizon wave-function determined by the particle wave-function in position space, which eventually yields the probability that the particle is a black hole. The existence of a minimum mass for black holes naturally follows, albeit not in the form of a sharp value around the Planck scale, but rather like a vanishing probability that a particle much lighter than the Planck mass be a black hole. We also show that our construction entails an effective Generalised Uncertainty Principle (GUP), simply obtained by adding the uncertainties coming from the two wave-functions associated to a particle. Finally, the decay of microscopic (quantum) black holes is also described in agreement with what the GUP predicts.

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