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arXiv 1306.2712quant-ph
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可分测量下量子态可分性的紧界

Tight bounds on the distinguishability of quantum states under separable measurements

Somshubhro Bandyopadhyay, Michael Nathanson

摘要:

量子非定域性的许多有趣的特征之一是,多体量子系统的态不能总是像在允许所有量子测量时那样被局域测量区分开。在这项工作中,我们描述了多体量子态集的可分离性时,限制到可分离的测量-那些包含类的本地测量,但仍然是免费的组件系统之间的纠缠。我们考虑两个量:可分离的保真度--一个真正的量子量--衡量我们可以“克隆”输入状态的程度,以及经典的成功概率,它只是给出了正确识别状态的最佳概率。我们得到的可分离的保真度的上下界,并给出了几个例子,在二分和多分设置这些界限是最佳的。此外,这些情况下的最佳值可以通过局部测量来获得。我们进一步表明,区分正交状态下可分离的测量,一个策略,最大限度地提高成功的概率也是最佳的可分离的保真度。我们指出,保真度和成功概率的相等性不依赖于使用最优策略,而只依赖于状态的正交性。为了说明这一点,我们提出了一个例子,其中两个集合(一个由正交状态组成,另一个由非正交状态组成)被证明具有相同的可分离保真度,即使成功概率不同。

英文摘要:

One of the many interesting features of quantum nonlocality is that the states of a multipartite quantum system cannot always be distinguished as well by local measurements as they can when all quantum measurements are allowed. In this work, we characterize the distinguishability of sets of multipartite quantum states when restricted to separable measurements -- those which contain the class of local measurements but nevertheless are free of entanglement between the component systems. We consider two quantities: The separable fidelity -- a truly quantum quantity -- which measures how well we can "clone" the input state, and the classical probability of success, which simply gives the optimal probability of identifying the state correctly. We obtain lower and upper bounds on the separable fidelity and give several examples in the bipartite and multipartite settings where these bounds are optimal. Moreover the optimal values in these cases can be attained by local measurements. We further show that for distinguishing orthogonal states under separable measurements, a strategy that maximizes the probability of success is also optimal for separable fidelity. We point out that the equality of fidelity and success probability does not depend on an using optimal strategy, only on the orthogonality of the states. To illustrate this, we present an example where two sets (one consisting of orthogonal states, and the other non-orthogonal states) are shown to have the same separable fidelity even though the success probabilities are different.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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