arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 1306.0825cond-mat.mes-hall
收藏

学术讨论会:人造自旋冰:设计和成像磁阻挫

Colloquium: Artificial spin ice: Designing and imaging magnetic frustration

Cristiano Nisoli, Roderich Moessner, Peter Schiffer

摘要:

在竞争相互作用的存在下,挫折在物理科学中无处不在,是简并和无序的来源,产生新的和有趣的物理现象。也许没有什么地方比相关自旋系统更简单,在那里它已经被研究得最详细。在过去的几年里,一个新的视角已经打开了研究挫折通过创建人工挫折磁系统。这些材料由光刻制造的单畴铁磁纳米结构阵列组成,其行为类似于巨大的伊辛自旋。纳米结构的相互作用可以通过适当选择它们的几何性质和在(受抑)晶格上的排列来控制。材料的自由度不仅可以直接调节,而且可以单独观察。实验研究已经发现了无序系统和非热颗粒材料的非平衡物理学的有趣联系,同时揭示了(自旋)冰材料及其碎裂磁激发的强烈相似性,使企业具有明显的跨学科风味。实验结果也与理论和计算分析密切相关,并与经典的受抑磁性模型联系起来,这些模型迄今未被观察到的方面在这里找到了实验实现。我们回顾了这一领域的大量实验和理论进展,包括与其他令人沮丧的现象的联系,并概述了在这一迅速扩大的领域取得进展的未来前景。

英文摘要:

Frustration in the presence of competing interactions is ubiquitous in the physical sciences and is a source of degeneracy and disorder, giving rise to new and interesting physical phenomena. Perhaps nowhere does it occur more simply than in correlated spin systems, where it has been studied in the most detail. In the past few years, a new perspective has opened in the study of frustration through the creation of artificial frustrated magnetic systems. These materials consist of arrays of lithographically fabricated single-domain ferromagnetic nanostructures that behave like giant Ising spins. The nanostructures' interactions can be controlled through appropriate choices of their geometric properties and arrangement on a (frustrated) lattice. The degrees of freedom of the material can not only be directly tuned, but also individually observed. Experimental studies have unearthed intriguing connections to the out-of-equilibrium physics of disordered systems and non-thermal granular materials, while revealing strong analogies to (spin) ice materials and their fractionalized magnetic monopole excitations, lending the enterprise a distinctly interdisciplinary flavor. The experimental results have also been closely coupled to theoretical and computational analyses, facilitated by connections to classic models of frustrated magnetism, whose hitherto unobserved aspects have here found an experimental realization. We review the considerable experimental and theoretical progress in this field, including connections to other frustrated phenomena, and we outline future vistas for progress in this rapidly expanding field.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑