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arXiv 1306.0722hep-th
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相对论维里定理与尺度不变性

The relativistic virial theorem and scale invariance

Jose Gaite

摘要:

维里定理与束缚态的伸缩性质有关。这是实现,特别是由朗道-利夫希茨制定的相对论维里定理,在跟踪方面的能量动量张量。我们构建了一个哈密顿制定的相对论维里定理自然出现的条件下,稳定的反作用。束缚态在超相对论极限中成为尺度不变的,在超相对论极限中,束缚态的能量为零。然而,对于非常相对论性的束缚态,尺度不变性被量子效应打破,维里定理必须包括能量动量张量迹异常。这个量子场论维里定理与卡兰-西曼齐克方程直接相关。维里定理被应用到QED,然后QCD,重点放在袋模型的强子。在无质量QCD中,根据维里定理,强子质量的3/4对应于夸克和胶子,1/4对应于迹反常。

英文摘要:

The virial theorem is related to the dilatation properties of bound states. This is realized, in particular, by the Landau-Lifshitz formulation of the relativistic virial theorem, in terms of the trace of the energy-momentum tensor. We construct a Hamiltonian formulation of dilatations in which the relativistic virial theorem naturally arises as the condition of stability against dilatations. A bound state becomes scale invariant in the ultrarelativistic limit, in which its energy vanishes. However, for very relativistic bound states, scale invariance is broken by quantum effects and the virial theorem must include the energy-momentum tensor trace anomaly. This quantum field theory virial theorem is directly related to the Callan-Symanzik equations. The virial theorem is applied to QED and then to QCD, focusing on the bag model of hadrons. In massless QCD, according to the virial theorem, 3/4 of a hadron mass corresponds to quarks and gluons and 1/4 to the trace anomaly.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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