用月球切伦科夫技术探测UHE中微子的电离层传播效应
Ionospheric propagation effects for UHE neutrino detection with the lunar Cherenkov technique
摘要：
月球切伦科夫实验旨在探测UHE宇宙射线或中微子在月球风化层相互作用期间产生的切伦科夫发射纳秒脉冲。来自这些相互作用的脉冲在通过地球电离层传播的过程中被分散，因此振幅减小。因此，必须校正脉冲色散以使接收到的信噪比和随后的检测机会最大化。脉冲色散特性还可以提供强有力的特征，以确定脉冲的月球起源，并区分地面射频干扰（RFI）的脉冲。这一特点是参数化的瞬时总电子含量（TEC）的电离层，因此准确的知识电离层TEC提供了一个实验优势，探测和识别月球切伦科夫脉冲。提出了一种新的方法，利用月球法拉第旋转测量结合地磁场模型来校准电离层对月球切伦科夫脉冲的色散效应。
英文摘要：
Lunar Cherenkov experiments aim to detect nanosecond pulses of Cherenkov emission produced during UHE cosmic ray or neutrino interactions in the lunar regolith. Pulses from these interactions are dispersed, and therefore reduced in amplitude, during propagation through the Earth's ionosphere. Pulse dispersion must therefore be corrected to maximise the received signal to noise ratio and subsequent chances of detection. The pulse dispersion characteristic may also provide a powerful signature to determine the lunar origin of a pulse and discriminate against pulses of terrestrial radio frequency interference (RFI). This characteristic is parameterised by the instantaneous Total Electron Content (TEC) of the ionosphere and therefore an accurate knowledge of the ionospheric TEC provides an experimental advantage for the detection and identification of lunar Cherenkov pulses. We present a new method to calibrate the dispersive effect of the ionosphere on lunar Cherenkov pulses using lunar Faraday rotation measurements combined with geomagnetic field models.
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