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arXiv 1305.6983astro-ph.CO
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星系团合并遗迹

Merger relics of cluster galaxies

Sukyoung K. Yi, Jaehyun Lee, Intae Jung, Inchan Ji, Yun-Kyeong Sheen

摘要:

上下文Sheen及其合作者最近发现,在重星系团中,令人惊讶的是,大部分(38%)的大质量早型星系显示出强烈的合并相关扰动特征。这与大质量星系团是星系合并的不利环境的一般理解相矛盾。考虑到合并在星系演化中的重要性,理解这一点很重要。目标。我们的目标是提出一个理论基础,解释星系合并的大规模集群。方法.我们使用N体模拟技术进行宇宙体积模拟,并推导出暗晕合并树。然后,我们使用半解析建模技术来填充每个星系晕。我们对星系合并进行了流体动力学模拟,以估计Sheen及其合作者使用的成像条件下合并特征的寿命。我们将此合并功能生命周期应用于我们的半分析模型。最后,我们计算了重模型星系团中的大质量早型星系,这些星系将显示出强烈的合并特征。结果虽然仍然有很大的不确定性,我们的初步结果非常接近所观察到的星系合并功能的部分。成功的关键因素是双重的:第一,暗晕中的晕下运动已被准确追踪,第二,合并功能的寿命已被正确估计。因此,合并功能预计将在集群环境中持续很长时间。因此,重星系团中的许多大质量早型星系显示出合并特征,并不是因为它们在当前的星系团中经历了合并,而是因为它们仍然携带着来自先前晕环境的合并特征。结论.研究星系团的合并遗迹具有潜在的重要性,因为它独特地允许我们回溯晕合并的历史。

英文摘要:

Context. Sheen and collaborators recently found that a surprisingly large portion (38%) of massive early-type galaxies in heavy clusters show strong merger-related disturbed features. This contradicts the general understanding that massive clusters are hostile environments for galaxy mergers. Considering the significance of mergers in galaxy evolution, it is important to understand this. Aims. We aim to present a theoretical foundation that explains galaxy mergers in massive clusters. Methods. We used the N-body simulation technique to perform a cosmological-volume simulation and derive dark-halo merger trees. Then, we used the semi-analytic modeling technique to populate each halo with galaxies. We ran hydrodynamic simulations of galaxy mergers to estimate the lifetime of merger features for the imaging condition used by Sheen and collaborators. We applied this merger feature lifetime to our semi-analytic models. Finally, we counted the massive early-type galaxies in heavy model clusters that would show strong merger features. Results. While there still are substantial uncertainties, our preliminary results are remarkably close to the observed fraction of galaxies with merger features. Key ingredients for the success are twofold: firstly, the subhalo motion in dark haloes has been accurately traced, and, second, the lifetime of merger features has been properly estimated. As a result, merger features are expected to last very long in cluster environments. Many massive early-type galaxies in heavy clusters therefore show merger features not because they experience mergers in the current clusters in situ, but because they still carry their merger features from their previous halo environments. Conclusions. Investigating the merger relics of cluster galaxies is potentially important, because it uniquely allows us to backtrack the halo merger history.

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