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arXiv 1305.2148cond-mat.stat-mech
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驱动阈值系统中的破纪录雪崩

Record-Breaking Avalanches in Driven Threshold Systems

Robert Shcherbakov, Jörn Davidsen, Kristy F. Tiampo

摘要:

研究了由几种驱动非线性阈值模型的动力学所产生的破纪录雪崩。这种系统的特征在于间歇性行为,其中能量的缓慢积累被通常遵循尺度不变统计的雪崩事件的能量突然释放打断。从这些系统的模拟中,可以提取出破纪录的雪崩序列,其中每个后续的破纪录事件的规模都大于之前的所有事件。本文分析了沙堆模型、Manna模型、Olami-Feder-Christensen(OFC)模型和森林火灾模型等几种元胞自动机,研究了具有时空相关性的模型雪崩的破纪录统计特性。几个破纪录的事件的统计措施推导出解析和确认通过数值模拟。破纪录的雪崩的四个模型的统计数据进行比较,从独立同分布(\emph{i.i.d.})随机变量的序列中提取的破纪录的事件。结果发现,上述元胞自动机的破纪录的雪崩的统计表现出不同的行为观察到的\emph{i.i.d.}随机变量,这反过来又可以用来表征复杂的时空动力学。最明显的偏差观察的情况下,OFC模型的保守参数的模型具有很强的依赖性。这表明OFC模型中的雪崩不是独立的,而是表现出时空相关性。

英文摘要:

Record-breaking avalanches generated by the dynamics of several driven nonlinear threshold models are studied. Such systems are characterized by intermittent behavior, where slow buildup of energy is punctuated by an abrupt release of energy through avalanche events which usually follow scale invariant statistics. From the simulations of these systems it is possible to extract sequences of record-breaking avalanches, where each subsequent record-breaking event is larger in magnitude than all previous events. In the present work, several cellular automata are analyzed among them the sandpile model, Manna model, Olami-Feder-Christensen (OFC) model, and the forest-fire model to investigate the record-breaking statistics of model avalanches which exhibit temporal and spatial correlations. Several statistical measures of record-breaking events are derived analytically and confirmed through numerical simulations. The statistics of record-breaking avalanches for the four models are compared to that of record-breaking events extracted from the sequences of independent identically distributed (\emph{i.i.d.}) random variables. It is found that the statistics of record-breaking avalanches for the above cellular automata exhibit behavior different from that observed for \emph{i.i.d.} random variables which in turn can be used to characterize complex spatio-temporal dynamics. The most pronounced deviations are observed in the case of the OFC model with a strong dependence on the conservation parameter of the model. This indicates that avalanches in the OFC model are not independent and exhibit spatio-temporal correlations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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