Li Jianghua
Let $D_{1}$, $D_{2}$ be coprime odd integers with min$(D_{1},D_{2})>1$, and let $N(D_{1},D_{2})$ denote the number of positive integer solutions $(x, m, n)$ of the equation $D_{1}x^2+D_{2}^{m}=2^{n+2}$. In this paper, we prove that $N(D_{1},D_{2})\leq 2$ except for $N(3,5)=N(5,3)=4$ and $N(13,3)=N(31,97)=3$.
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We prove some results on the distance between two perfect numbers using Ramanujan-Nagell type equations.
The paper consists of two parts. The aim of the first, and main, part is to explain, in an elementary way, Hasse's proof of Ramanujan-Nagell's Theorem. In the second part, we formulate some natural extensions of Ramanujan-Nagell's equation.
The generalized Lebesgue-Ramanujan-Nagell equation is an important type of polynomial-exponential Diophantine equation in number theory. In this survey, the recent results and some unsolved problems of this equation are given.
We shall show that, for any positive integer $D>0$ and any primes $p_1, p_2$ not dividing $D$, the diophantine equation $x^2+D=2^s p_1^k p_2^l$ has at most $63$ integer solutions $(x, k, l, s)$ with $x, k, l\geq 0$ and $s\in \{0, 2\}$.
It is well-known that for $p=1, 2, 3, 7, 11, 19, 43, 67, 163$, the class number of $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-p})$ is one. We use this fact to determine all the solutions of $x^2+p^m=4y^n$ in non-negative integers $x, y, m$ and $n$.
Let $k$ be a fixed positive integer with $k>1$. In this paper, using various elementary methods in number theory, we give criteria under which the equation $x^2+(2k-1)^y=k^z$ has no positive integer solutions $(x,y,z)$ with $y\in\{3,5\}$.
We describe a computationally efficient approach to resolving equations of the form $C_1x^2 + C_2 = y^n$ in coprime integers, for fixed values of $C_1$, $C_2$ subject to further conditions. We make use of a factorisation argument and the Primitive Divisor Theorem due to Bilu, Hanrot and Voutier.
We completely solve the Diophantine equation $x^2+2^k11^\ell19^m=y^n$ in integers $x,y\geq 1;~ k,\ell, m\geq 0~$ and $n\geq 3$ with $\gcd(x,y)=1$, except the case $2\mid k, 2\nmid \ell m$ and $5\mid n$. We use this result to recover some earlier results in the same direction.
On the complete solutions of a generalized Lebesgue-Ramanujan-Nagell equation
本文研究广义Lebesgue-Ramanujan-Nagell方程，通过结合经典本原因子定理与计算机搜索，完整求解了该方程及其他相关类型方程的所有整数解。
Let $k$ be a positive integer. In this paper, using the modular approach, we prove that if $k\equiv 0 \pmod{4}$, $30< k<724$ and $2k-1$ is an odd prime power, then under the GRH, the equation $x^2+(2k-1)^y=k^z$ has only one positive integer solution $(x,y,z)=(k-1,1,2)$. The above results solve some difficult cases of Terai's conecture concerning this equation.
Complete solutions of a Lebesgue-Ramanujan-Nagell type equation
本文完整求解了一类含素数 5、13、17 的 Lebesgue-Ramanujan-Nagell 型指数丢番图方程，借助 Lehmer 序列本原除子理论与椭圆曲线 S-整点方法给出全部整数解。
Stiller proved that the Diophantine equation $x^2+119=15\cdot 2^{n}$ has exactly six solutions in positive integers. Motivated by this result we are interested in constructions of Diophantine equations of Ramanujan-Nagell type $x^2=Ak^{n}+B$ with many solutions. Here, $A,B\in\Z$ (thus $A, B$ are not necessarily positive) and $k\in\Z_{\geq 2}$ are given integers. In particular, we prove that for each $k$ there exists an infinite set $\cal{S}$ containing pairs of integers $(A, B)$ such that for each $(A,B)\in \cal{S}$ we have $\gcd(A,B)$ is square-free and the Diophantine equation $x^2=Ak^n+B$ h…
In the first part we construct algorithms which we apply to solve S-unit, Mordell, cubic Thue, cubic Thue-Mahler and generalized Ramanujan-Nagell equations. As a byproduct we obtain alternative practical approaches for various classical Diophantine problems, including the fundamental problem of finding all elliptic curves over Q with good reduction outside a given finite set of rational primes. To illustrate the utility of our algorithms we determined the solutions of large classes of equations, containing many examples of interest which are out of reach for the known methods. In addition we u…
On a class of Lebesgue-Ramanujan-Nagell equations
本文研究一类 Lebesgue-Ramanujan-Nagell 方程，利用二次域类数条件给出多种情形下的完整求解，并讨论特定参数下的可解性。
A formal proof of the Ramanujan--Nagell theorem in Lean 4
利用 Lean 交互式定理证明器和 Mathlib 库，完整形式化了 Ramanujan–Nagell 定理，即丢番图方程 $x^2 + 7 = 2^n$ 仅有五个整数解。
In this paper, we study the generalized Lebesgue-Nagell equation \[ x^2+7^{2k+1}=y^n. \] This is the last case of equations of the form $x^2+q^{2k+1}=y^n$ with $k\geq0$ and $q>0$ where $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-q})$ has class number one. Our proof is based on the modular method and the symplectic argument.
We consider a natural generalization of the Nagell-Ljunggren equation to the case where the qth power of an integer y, for q >= 2, has a base-b representation that consists of a length-l block of digits repeated n times, where n >= 2. Assuming the abc conjecture of Masser and Oesterlé, we completely characterize those triples (q, n, l) for which there are infinitely many solutions b. In all cases predicted by the abc conjecture, we are able (without any assumptions) to prove there are indeed infinitely many solutions.
Ramanujan sums have been studied and generalized by several authors. For example, Nowak studied these sums over quadratic number fields, and Grytczuk defined that on semigroups. In this note, we deduce some properties on sums of generalized Ramanujan sums and give examples on number fields. In particular, we have a relational expression between Ramanujan sums and residues of Dedekind zeta functions.
We derive certain identities involving various known arithmetical functions and a generalized version of Ramanujan sum. L. Toth constructed certain weighted averages of Ramanujan sums with various arithmetic functions as weights. We choose a generalization of Ramanujan sum given by E. Cohen and derive the weighted averages corresponding to the versions of the weighted averages established by Toth.
Explicit formulas involving a generalized Ramanujan sum are derived. An analogue of the prime number theorem is obtained and equivalences of the Riemann hypothesis are shown. Finally, explicit formulas of Bartz are generalized.
We prove a simple formula for the main value of $r$-even functions and give applications of it. Considering the generalized Ramanujan sums $c_A(n,r)$ involving regular systems $A$ of divisors we show that it is not possible to develop a Fourier theory with respect to $c_A(n,r)$, like in the the usual case of classical Ramanujan sums $c(n,r)$.
The aim of this paper is to study the convergence and divergence of the Rogers-Ramanujan and the generalized Rogers-Ramanujan continued fractions on the unit circle. We provide an example of an uncountable set of measure zero on which the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction $R(x)$ diverges and which enlarges a set previously found by Bowman and Mc Laughlin. We further study the generalized Rogers-Ramanujan continued fractions $R_a(x)$ for roots of unity $a$ and give explicit convergence and divergence conditions. As such, we extend some work of Huang towards a question originally investigated …
In this paper we establish several results concerning the generalized Ramanujan primes. For $n\in\mathbb{N}$ and $k \in \mathbb{R}_{> 1}$ we give estimates for the $n$th $k$-Ramanujan prime which lead both to generalizations and to improvements of the results presently in the literature. Moreover, we obtain results about the distribution of $k$-Ramanujan primes. In addition, we find explicit formulae for certain $n$th $k$-Ramanujan primes. As an application, we prove that a conjecture of Mitra, Paul and Sarkar concerning the number of primes in certain intervals holds for every sufficiently la…
Motivated by work of Chan, Chan, and Liu, we obtain a new general theorem which produces Ramanujan-Sato series for $1/π$. We then use it to construct explicit examples related to non-compact arithmetic triangle groups, as classified by Takeuchi. Some of our examples are new, and some reproduce existing examples.
In this article, we investigate the bound of the valency of the Cayley graphs of the generalized quaternion groups which guarantees to be Ramanujan. As is the cases of the cyclic and dihedral groups in our previous studies, we show that the determination of the bound in a special setting is related to the classical Hardy-Littlewood conjecture for primes represented by a quadratic polynomial.
Let $K$ be a number field, and $S$ a finite set of places in $K$ containing all infinite places. We present an implementation for solving the $S$-unit equation $x + y = 1$, $x,y \in\mathscr{O}_{K,S}^\times$ in the computer algebra package SageMath. This paper outlines the mathematical basis for the implementation. We discuss and reference the results of extensive computations, including exponent bounds for solutions in many fields of small degree for small sets $S$. As an application, we prove an asymptotic version of Fermat's Last Theorem for totally real cubic number fields with bounded disc…
Bruinier and Ono recently developed the theory of generalized Borcherds products, which uses coefficients of certain Maass forms as exponents in infinite product expansions of meromorphic modular forms. Using this, one can use classical results on congruences of modular forms to obtain congruences for Maass forms. In this note we work out the example of Ramanujan's mock theta functions f and ω in detail.
A number field extension of Ramanujan's identity and its integral representation via the generalized Riemann $Ξ$-function
本文建立拉马努金恒等式的数域类似物，得到戴德金ζ函数高次幂变换公式的积分表示，重现Hardy的雅可比θ关系积分表示，还得到扩展拉马努金-科什利亚科夫公式的数域类似物。
Consider the linear congruence equation $x_1+\ldots+x_k \equiv b\,(\text{mod } n)$ for $b,n\in\mathbb{Z}$. By $(a,b)_s$, we mean the largest $l^s\in\mathbb{N}$ which divides $a$ and $b$ simultaneously. For each $d_j|n$, define $\mathcal{C}_{j,s} = \{1\leq x\leq n^s | (x,n^s)_s = d^s_j\}$. Bibak et al. gave a formula using Ramanujan sums for the number of solutions of the above congruence equation with some gcd restrictions on $x_i$. We generalize their result with generalized gcd restrictions on $x_i$ by proving that for the above linear congruence, the number of solutions is $$\frac{1}{n^s}\s…
A comprehensive study of the generalized Lambert series $\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{n^{N-2h}\exp{(-an^{N}x)}}{1-\exp{(-n^{N}x)}}, 0<a\leq 1,\ x>0$, $N\in\mathbb{N}$ and $h\in\mathbb{Z}$, is undertaken. Two of the general transformations of this series that we obtain here lead to two-parameter generalizations of Ramanujan's famous formula for $ζ(2m+1)$, $m>0$ and the transformation formula for $\logη(z)$. Numerous important special cases of our transformations are derived. An identity relating $ζ(2N+1), ζ(4N+1),\cdots, ζ(2Nm+1)$ is obtained for $N$ odd and $m\in\mathbb{N}$. Certain t…
Asymptotic expansions for a class of generalized holomorphic Eisenstein series, Ramanujan's formula for $ζ(2k+1)$, Weierstrass' elliptic and allied functions
本文建立了一类广义全纯Eisenstein级数的完整渐近展开及余项显式表达式，并由此导出Riemann zeta函数特定值的Euler和Ramanujan公式新变体，以及Weierstrass椭圆函数的模关系。
On near orthogonality of certain $k$-vectors involving generalized Ramanujan sums
本文将 Alkan 关于含 Ramanujan 和的 $k$-向量近似正交性推广到 Cohen 的广义 Ramanujan 和，并证明相关加权平均恒正及部分和最大值的下界。
Universal quaternary mixed sums involving generalized 3-, 4-, 5- and 8-gonal numbers via products of Ramanujan's theta functions
本文利用Ramanujan theta函数恒等式理论，系统确定了由广义3-、4-、5-和8-角数构成的四元混合和何时能表示所有非负整数，即其通用性。
The Sylvester Theorem and the Rogers-Ramanujan Identities over Totally Real Number Fields
本文将西尔维斯特定理与罗杰斯-拉马努金恒等式推广到全实代数数域上的全正代数整数分拆，并进一步给出广义罗杰斯-拉马努金恒等式的另一版本。
In 1845, Bertrand conjectured that for all integers $x\ge2$, there exists at least one prime in $(x/2, x]$. This was proved by Chebyshev in 1860, and then generalized by Ramanujan in 1919. He showed that for any $n\ge1$, there is a (smallest) prime $R_n$ such that $π(x)- π(x/2) \ge n$ for all $x \ge R_n$. In 2009 Sondow called $R_n$ the $n$th Ramanujan prime and proved the asymptotic behavior $R_n \sim p_{2n}$ (where $p_m$ is the $m$th prime). In the present paper, we generalize the interval of interest by introducing a parameter $c \in (0,1)$ and defining the $n$th $c$-Ramanujan prime as the …
Moments of Averages of Ramanujan Sums over Number Fields
本文在广义 Lindelöf 假设下给出了任意数域上 Ramanujan 和第一矩和第二矩均值的渐近公式，并在无条件下估计了分圆数域上 Ramanujan 和的第二矩。
Let $K$ be a number field. This paper considers arithmetic functions over $K$, that are, complex valued functions on the set of nonzero integral ideals in $K$. Firstly we generalize some basic results on arithmetic functions. Next we define the generalized Ramanujan sums over $K$ and show some properties.
Moments of averages of generalized Ramanujan sums
本文通过计算带有改进误差项的 $k$ 阶矩，研究了由 Cohen 提出的广义 Ramanujan 和 $c_{q,β}(n)$ 平均值的分布，给出了比前人更精确的主项结果，以及除数问题和 Ramanujan 公式推广的渐近结果。
Generalization of Ramanujan's Continued Fractions for Even Order
该研究借助拉马努金连分数恒等式推导偶数阶广义连分数，建立theta函数恒等式，以76阶连分数为例得到分拆理论恒等式等，推广了拉马努金连分数。
A Generalized Closed Form of Ramanujan-Type Fourier Cosine Transform via Meijer's G-Function
本文通过梅林-巴恩斯型复积分表示法，获得Ramanujan积分的闭式表达式，并推广了相关积分形式，用Meijer G函数的无穷级数表示，同时应用Ramanujan积分求解九个Meijer G函数的闭式表达。
In this paper, transformation formulas for a large class of Eisenstein series defined by \[ G(z,s;A_α,B_β;r_{1},r_{2})=\sum\limits_{m,n=-\infty}^{\infty }\ \hspace{-0.19in}^{^{\prime}}\frac{f(αm)f^{\ast}(βn)} {((m+r_{1})z+n+r_{2})^{s}},\text{ }\operatorname{Re}(s)>2,\text{ }\operatorname{Im}(z)>0 \] are investigated for $s=1-r$, $r\in\mathbb{N}$. Here $\left\{ f(n)\right\}$ and $\left\{ f^{\ast}(n)\right\}$, $-\infty<n<\infty$ are sequences of complex numbers with period $k>0$, and $A_α=\left\{ f(αn)\right\} $ and $B_β=\left\{ f^{\ast}(βn)\right\}$, $α,β\in\mathbb{Z}$. Appearing in the transfo…
The purpose of this paper is to show that under a part of generalized Arthur's A-packet conjecture, locally generic cuspidal automorphic representations of a quasisplit group over a number field are of Ramanujan type, i.e., are tempered at almost all places. The A-packet conjecture allows one to reduce the problem to a special case of a general local question about the components of the corresponding Langlands L-packet which is then answered here in its generality.
Arithmetic properties of generalized Frobenius partitions
本文研究了广义m色Frobenius分拆函数cϕ_m在m为5、7、11时的同余性质，结合模形式理论与计算证明了仅有六个类似Ramanujan的同余式存在。
On Berndt-Straub conjectures about zeros of generalized Ramanujan polynomials
该研究解决了Berndt-Straub关于广义拉马努金多项式零点的两个猜想，证明$R_k$的非零零点均在单位圆上，$S_{2n}$最多有四个纯虚例外零点，还引入超越不变量并关联Fekete多项式，否定了第二个猜想。
We study the quotient of hypergeometric functions \begin{equation*} μ_{a}^*(r)=\fracπ{2\sin{(πa)}}\frac{F(a,1-a;1;1-r^3)}{F(a,1-a;1;r^3)} \quad (r\in(0,1)) \end{equation*} in the theory of Ramanujan's generalized modular equation for $a\in(0,1/2]$, find an infinite product formula for $μ_{1/3}^*(r)$ by use of the properties of $μ_{a}^*(r)$ and Ramanujan's cubic transformation. Besides, a new cubic transformation formula of hypergeometric function is given, which complements the Ramanujan's cubic transformation.
We generalize recent matrix-based factorization theorems for Lambert series generating functions generating the coefficients $(f \ast 1)(n)$ for some arithmetic function $f$. Our new factorization theorems provide analogs to these established expansions generating sums of the form $\sum_{d: (d,n)=1} f(d)$ (type I) and the Anderson-Apostol sums $\sum_{d|(m,n)} f(d) g(n/d)$ (type II) for any arithmetic functions $f$ and $g$. Our treatment of the type II sums includes a matrix-based factorization method relating the partition function $p(n)$ to arbitrary arithmetic functions $f$. We also conclude…
We derive the asymptotic formula for $p_n(N,M)$, the number of partitions of integer $n$ with part size at most $N$ and length at most $M$. We consider both $N$ and $M$ are comparable to $\sqrt{n}$. This is an extension of the classical Hardy-Ramanujan formula and Szekeres' formula. The proof relies on the saddle point method.
Page 332 of Ramanujan's Lost Notebook contains a compelling identity for $ζ(1/2)$, which has been studied by many mathematicians over the years. On the same page, Ramanujan also recorded the series, \begin{align*} \frac{1^r}{\exp(1^s x) - 1} + \frac{2^r}{\exp(2^s x) - 1} + \frac{3^r}{\exp(3^s x) - 1} + \cdots, \end{align*} where $s$ is a positive integer and $r-s$ is any even integer. Unfortunately, Ramanujan doesn't give any formula for it. This series was rediscovered by Kanemitsu, Tanigawa, and Yoshimoto, although they studied it only when $r-s$ is a negative even integer. Recently, Dixit a…
Generalized cubic partitions
本文提出广义立方分拆概念，运用三种证明方法建立若干新的 Ramanujan 型同余式，并对其稀有性提出猜想。
Using Pascal triangle, we give a simple generalization to the so-called STRAND Puzzle solved by Srinivasa Ramanujan. Thus we are interested in computing the median, first and third quartiles of some integer valued distributions, arising naturally when extending partial sums of the arithmetic progression (triangular numbers) to tetrahedral numbers and beyond. We show this reduces to equations of Pell-Fermat type of higher order, which admit very few integer solutions, but for which, following Ramanujan's original idea, we can always find integer sequences of best approximation, in the Diophanti…
In a recent paper, Griffin, Ono and Warnaar present a framework for Rogers-Ramanujan type identities using Hall-Littlewood polynomials to arrive at expressions of the form \[\sum_{λ: λ_1 \leq m} q^{a|λ|}P_{2λ}(1,q,q^2,\ldots ; q^{n}) = \text{"Infinite product modular function"}\] for $a = 1,2$ and any positive integers $m$ and $n$. A recent paper of Rains and Warnaar presents further Rogers-Ramanujan type identities involving sums of terms $q^{|λ|/2}P_λ(1,q,q^2,\ldots;q^n)$. It is natural to attempt to reformulate these various identities to match the well-known Andrews-Gordon identities they …
An extension of Ramanujan-Guinand identity for the Dedekind zeta function and a new formula for $ζ_\mathbb{F}(2)$ and $ζ_\mathbb{F}(2m+1)$
本文为戴德金ζ函数建立拉马努金-吉南恒等式的数域类似物，得到ζ_F(2)的新公式及ζ_F(2m+1)的恒等式，还获戴德金η函数对数的变换公式。
On Signs of eigenvalues of Modular forms satisfying Ramanujan Conjecture
本文针对满足广义拉马努金猜想、分属不同特征空间的两个Siegel尖点Hecke特征形式，推导了二者Hecke算子特征值乘积为负的素数集合的密度下界。
Ramanujan provided several results involving the modified Bessel function $K_z(x)$ in his Lost Notebook. One of them is the famous Ramanujan-Guinand formula, equivalent to the functional equation of the non-holomorphic Eiesenstien series on $SL_2(z)$. Recently, this formula was generalized by Dixit, Kesarwani, and Moll. In this article, we first obtain a generalization of a theorem of Watson and, as an application of it, give a new proof of the result of Dixit, Kesarwani, and Moll. Watson's theorem is also generalized in a different direction using ${}_μK_z(x,λ)$ which is itself a generalizati…
In this article, we obtain a transformation formula for the higher power of odd zeta values, which generalizes Ramanujan's formula for odd zeta values. We have also investigated many important applications, which in turn provide generalizations of the transformation formula of the Eisenstein series, Dedekind eta function etc.
The Rogers-Ramanujan dissection of a theta function
本文借助参数$s$推广了Ramanujan失落笔记簿中的恒等式，证明了theta函数可被分拆为广义Rogers-Ramanujan函数乘积的有限和，并通过渐近分析揭示了其超越模关系的特性。
We provide an historical account of equivalent conditions for the Riemann Hypothesis arising from the work of Ramanujan and, later, Guy Robin on generalized highly composite numbers. The first part of the paper is on the mathematical background of our subject. The second part is on its history, which includes several surprises.
In his 1984 AMS Memoir, George Andrews defined the family of $k$--colored generalized Frobenius partition functions. These are denoted by $cϕ_k(n)$ where $k\geq 1$ is the number of colors in question. In that Memoir, Andrews proved (among many other things) that, for all $n\geq 0,$ $cϕ_2(5n+3) \equiv 0\pmod{5}.$ Soon after, many authors proved congruence properties for various $k$--colored generalized Frobenius partition functions, typically with a small number of colors. Work on Ramanujan--like congruence properties satisfied by the functions $cϕ_k(n)$ continues, with recent works completed b…
On Ramanujan's Modular Equations and Hecke Groups
本文受拉马努金工作启发，针对多项式模方程次数无成熟求解理论的问题，明确确定了其方程次数，并研究了拉马努金signature 2、3、4理论中Hecke群与模方程的关联。
A Ramanujan-type formula involving the squares of odd zeta values is obtained. The crucial part in obtaining such a result is to conceive the correct analogue of the Eisenstein series involved in Ramanujan's formula for $ζ(2m+1)$. The formula for $ζ^{2}(2m+1)$ is then generalized in two different directions, one, by considering the generalized divisor function $σ_z(n)$, and the other, by studying a more general analogue of the aforementioned Eisenstein series, consisting of one more parameter $N$. A number of important special cases are derived from the first generalization. For example, we ob…
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