We develop a model for the cohomology of the complement of a hypersurface arrangement inside a smooth projective complex variety. This generalizes the case of normal crossing divisors, discovered by P. Deligne in the context of the mixed Hodge theory of smooth complex varieties. Our model is a global version of the Orlik-Solomon algebra, which computes the cohomology of the complement of a union of hyperplanes in an affine space. The main tool is the complex of logarithmic forms along a hypersurface arrangement, and its weight filtration. Connections with wonderful compactifications and the configuration spaces of points on curves are also studied.
Given a matroid $M$ one can define its Orlik-Solomon algebra $OS(M)$ and the Bergman fan $Σ_0(M)$. On the other hand to any rational polyhedral fan $Σ$ one can associate its tropical homology and cohomology groups $\F_\bullet(Σ)$, $\F^\bullet (Σ)$. We will show that the projective Orlik-Solomon algebra $OS_0(M)$ is canonically isomorphic to $\F^\bullet (Σ_0(M))$.
We give a combinatorial characterization of isotropic subspaces in the Orlik- Solomon algebra of a hyperplane arrangement in terms of decorations of its intersection lattice. We then use this characterization to prove a result that relates these isotropic subspaces with linear systems supported on the arrangement, for arrangements with isolated non-normal crossings of a particular form.
We relate the cohomology of the Orlik-Solomon algebra of a discriminantal arrangement to the local system cohomology of the complement. The Orlik-Solomon algebra of such an arrangement (viewed as a complex) is shown to be a linear approximation of a complex arising from the fundamental group of the complement, the cohomology of which is isomorphic to that of the complement with coefficients in an arbitrary complex rank one local system. We also establish the relationship between the cohomology support loci of the complement of a discriminantal arrangement and the resonant varieties of its Orli…
We give a vanishing theorem for the monodromy eigenspaces of the Milnor fibers of complex line arrangements. By applying the modular bound of the local system cohomology groups given by Papadima-Suciu, the result is deduced from the vanishing of the cohomology of certain Aomoto complex over finite fields. In order to prove this, we introduce degeneration homomorphisms of Orlik-Solomon algebras.
A bi-arrangement of hyperplanes in a complex affine space is the data of two sets of hyperplanes along with a coloring information on the strata. To such a bi-arrangement, one naturally associates a relative cohomology group, that we call its motive. The motivation for studying such relative cohomology groups comes from the notion of motivic period. More generally, we suggest the systematic study of the motive of a bi-arrangement of hypersurfaces in a complex manifold. We provide combinatorial and cohomological tools to compute the structure of these motives. Our main object is the Orlik-Solom…
We use stratified Morse theory to construct a complex to compute the cohomology of the complement of a hyperplane arrangement with coefficients in a complex rank one local system. The linearization of this complex is shown to be the Orlik-Solomon algebra with the connection operator. Using this result, we establish the relationship between the cohomology support loci of the complement and the resonance varieties of the Orlik-Solomon algebra for any arrangement, and show that the latter are unions of subspace arrangements in general, resolving a conjecture of Falk. We also obtain lower bounds f…
We investigate in this paper a generalization of Solomon-Terao formula for central equidimensional subspace arrangements. We introduce generalized Solomon-Terao functions based on the Hilbert-Poincaré series of the modules of multi-logarithmic forms and logarithmic multi-residues. We show that as in the case of hyperplane arrangements, these Solomon-Terao functions are polynomial. We then prove that if the Solomon-Terao polynomial of the modules of multi-residues satisfies a certain property, then this polynomial is related to the characteristic polynomial of the subspace arrangement. In parti…
It is shown that the Orlik-Terao algebra is graded isomorphic to the special fiber of the ideal $I$ generated by the $(n-1)$-fold products of the members of a central arrangement of size $n$. This momentum is carried over to the Rees algebra (blowup) of $I$ and it is shown that this algebra is of fiber-type and Cohen-Macaulay. It follows by a result of Simis-Vasconcelos that the special fiber of $I$ is Cohen-Macaulay, thus giving another proof of a result of Proudfoot-Speyer about the Cohen-Macauleyness of the Orlik-Terao algebra.
We describe a new relation between the topology of hypersurface complements, Milnor fibers and degree of gradient mappings. The main tools are polar curves and the affine Lefschetz theory developped by H. Hamm and A. Némethi. In the special case of the hyperplane arrangements, we strengthen some results due to Orlik and Terao (see Math. Ann. 301(1995)) and obtain an independant proof for the minimality of hyperplane arrangements (see Randell math.AT/0011101 for another proof of this result).
We introduce a new algebra associated with a hyperplane arrangement $\mathcal{A}$, called the Solomon-Terao algebra $\mbox{ST}(\mathcal{A},η)$, where $η$ is a homogeneous polynomial. It is shown by Solomon and Terao that $\mbox{ST}(\mathcal{A},η)$ is Artinian when $η$ is generic. This algebra can be considered as a generalization of coinvariant algebras in the setting of hyperplane arrangements. The class of Solomon-Terao algebras contains cohomology rings of regular nilpotent Hessenberg varieties. We show that $\mbox{ST}(\mathcal{A},η)$ is a complete intersection if and only if $\mathcal{A}$ …
In this paper we give a very natural description of the bijections between the minimal CW-complex homotopy equivalent to the complement of a supersolvable arrangement $\mathcal{A}$, the $\textbf{nbc}$ basis of the Orlik-Solomon algebra associated to $\mathcal{A}$ and the set of chambers of $\mathcal{A}$. We use these bijections to get results on the first (co)homology group of the Milnor fiber of $\mathcal{A}$ and to describe a bijection between the symmetric group and the $\textbf{nbc}$ basis of the braid arrangement.
We give examples of complex hyperplane arrangements for which the top characteristic variety contains positive-dimensional irreducible components that do not pass through the origin of the character torus. These examples answer several questions of Libgober and Yuzvinsky. As an application, we exhibit a pair of arrangements for which the resonance varieties of the Orlik-Solomon algebra are (abstractly) isomorphic, yet whose characteristic varieties are not isomorphic. The difference comes from translated components, which are not detected by the tangent cone at the origin.
We give a new algorithm computing local system cohomology groups for complexified real line arrangements. Using it, we obtain several conditions for the first local system cohomology to vanish and to be at most one-dimensional, which generalize a result by Cohen-Dimca-Orlik. The conditions are described in terms of discrete geometric structures of real figures. The proof is based on a recent study on minimal cell structures. We also compute the characteristic variety of the deleted $B_3$-arrangement.
We describe a new relation between the topology of hypersurface complements, Milnor fibers and degree of gradient mappings. In particular we show that any projective hypersurface has affine parts which are bouquets of spheres. The main tools are the polar curves and the affine Lefschetz theory developped by H. Hamm, D.T. Lê and A. Némethi. In the special case of the hyperplane arrangements, we strengthen some results due to Orlik and Terao (see Math. Ann. 301(1995)) and obtain the minimality of hyperplane arrangements (see Randell math.AT/0011101 for another proof of this result). This is then…
We show that the maximum likelihood degree of a smooth very affine variety is equal to the signed topological Euler characteristic. This generalizes Orlik and Terao's solution to Varchenko's conjecture on complements of hyperplane arrangements to smooth very affine varieties. For very affine varieties satisfying a genericity condition at infinity, the result is further strengthened to relate the variety of critical points to the Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson class. The strengthened version recovers the geometric deletion-restriction formula of Denham et al. for arrangement complements, and general…
For an arrangement with complement X and fundamental group G, we relate the truncated cohomology ring, H^{<=2}(X), to the second nilpotent quotient, G/G_3. We define invariants of G/G_3 by counting normal subgroups of a fixed prime index p, according to their abelianization. We show how to compute this distribution from the resonance varieties of the Orlik-Solomon algebra mod p. As an application, we establish the cohomology classification of 2-arrangements of n<=6 planes in R^4.
The k-th Fitting ideal of the Alexander invariant B of an arrangement A of n complex hyperplanes defines a characteristic subvariety, V_k(A), of the complex algebraic n-torus. In the combinatorially determined case where B decomposes as a direct sum of local Alexander invariants, we obtain a complete description of V_k(A). For any arrangement A, we show that the tangent cone at the identity of this variety coincides with R^1_k(A), one of the cohomology support loci of the Orlik-Solomon algebra. Using work of Arapura and Libgober, we conclude that all positive-dimensional components of V_k(A) a…
Let $B$ be an arrangement of linear complex hyperplanes in $C^d$. Then a classical result by Orlik \& Solomon asserts that the cohomology algebra of the complement can be constructed from the combinatorial data that are given by the intersection lattice. If $B'$ is, more generally, a $2$-arrangement in $R^{2d}$ (an arrangement of real subspaces of codimension $2$ with even-dimensional intersections), then the intersection lattice still determines the cohomology {\it groups} of the complement, as was shown by Goresky \& MacPherson. We prove, however, that for $2$-arrangements the cohomology {\i…
Given an arrangement of hyperplanes in $¶^n$, possibly with non-normal crossings, we give a vanishing lemma for the cohomology of the sheaf of $q$-forms with logarithmic poles along our arrangement. We give a basis for the ideal $\cal J$ of relations for the Orlik-Solomon's algebra. Under certain genericity conditions it was shown by H.~Esnault, V.~Schechtman and E.~Viehweg that the cohomology of a local system is given by the Aomoto complex. We generalize this result to a deformation of local systems obtained via a deformation of our arrangement. We calculate the Gauß-Manin connection for thi…
We show that the characteristic polynomial of a hyperplane arrangement can be recovered from the class in the Grothendieck group of varieties of the complement of the arrangement. This gives a quick proof of a theorem of Orlik and Solomon relating the characteristic polynomial with the ranks of the cohomology of the complement of the arrangement. We also show that the characteristic polynomial can be computed from the total Chern class of the complement of the arrangement; this has also been observed by Huh. In the case of free arrangements, we prove that this Chern class agrees with the Chern…
Consider a complex projective space with its Fubini-Study metric. We study certain one parameter deformations of this metric on the complement of an arrangement (=a finite union of hyperplanes) whose Levi-Civita connection is of Dunkl type--interesting examples are obtained from the arrangements defined by finite complex reflection groups. We determine a parameter interval for which the metric is locally of Fubini-Study type, flat, or complex-hyperbolic. We find a finite subset of this interval for which we get a complete orbifold or at least a Zariski open subset thereof, and we analyze these…
Let $V$ be an $\ell$-dimensional Euclidean space. Let $G \subset O(V)$ be a finite irreducible orthogonal reflection group. Let ${\cal A}$ be the corresponding Coxeter arrangement. Let $S$ be the algebra of polynomial functions on $V.$ For $H \in {\cal A}$ choose $α_H \in V^*$ such that $H = {\rm ker}(α_H).$ For each nonnegative integer $m$, define the derivation module $\sD^{(m)}({\cal A}) = \{θ\in {\rm Der}_S | θ(α_H) \in S α^m_H\}$. The module is known to be a free $S$-module of rank $\ell$ by K. Saito (1975) for $m=1$ and L. Solomon-H. Terao (1998) for $m=2$. The main result of this paper …
