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arXiv 1301.7355cond-mat.str-el
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不对称的保护边缘模

Protected edge modes without symmetry

Michael Levin

摘要:

我们讨论了一个没有任何对称性的带隙二维电子系统何时具有受保护的无带隙边缘模的问题。虽然这是众所周知的,系统与非零的热霍尔电导,$K_H \neq 0$,支持这样的模式,在这里,我们表明,强大的模式也可以发生时,$K_H = 0$ -如果系统具有准粒子与分数统计。我们表明,某些类型的分数统计是兼容的间隙边缘,而其他人根本不兼容。更一般地,我们给出了一个具有阿贝尔统计和$K_H = 0$的电子系统何时可以支持带隙边缘的判据:我们证明了有隙边是可能的当且仅当存在准粒子类型$M$的子集使得(1)$M$中的所有准粒子具有平凡的互统计量,(2)每个不在$M$中的准粒子与至少一个在$M$中的准粒子具有非平凡的互统计量。我们得出这个标准使用三种不同的方法:一个微观分析的边缘,一般参数的编织统计的基础上,最后一个共形场论的方法,使用模块不变性的约束。我们还讨论了二维玻色子系统的类似结果。

英文摘要:

We discuss the question of when a gapped 2D electron system without any symmetry has a protected gapless edge mode. While it is well known that systems with a nonzero thermal Hall conductance, $K_H \neq 0$, support such modes, here we show that robust modes can also occur when $K_H = 0$ -- if the system has quasiparticles with fractional statistics. We show that some types of fractional statistics are compatible with a gapped edge, while others are fundamentally incompatible. More generally, we give a criterion for when an electron system with abelian statistics and $K_H = 0$ can support a gapped edge: we show that a gapped edge is possible if and only if there exists a subset of quasiparticle types $M$ such that (1) all the quasiparticles in $M$ have trivial mutual statistics, and (2) every quasiparticle that is not in $M$ has nontrivial mutual statistics with at least one quasiparticle in $M$. We derive this criterion using three different approaches: a microscopic analysis of the edge, a general argument based on braiding statistics, and finally a conformal field theory approach that uses constraints from modular invariance. We also discuss the analogous result for 2D boson systems.

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