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arXiv 1301.2183physics.chem-ph
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表面跳跃中的跃迁率

On transition rates in surface hopping

J. M. Escartín, P. Romaniello, L. Stella, P. -G. Reinhard, E. Suraud

摘要:

轨道表面跳跃(TSH)是非绝热分子动力学中应用最广泛的量子经典算法之一。尽管其经验的有效性和普及性,严格推导TSH作为一个组合的量子电子-核动力学的经典极限仍然失踪。在这项工作中,我们的目标是阐明广泛使用的跳跃规则的理论基础。自然,我们因此集中在TSH的形式方面。使用高斯波包限制,我们推导出的跃迁率控制的跳跃过程中,一个简单的避免水平交叉。在这个推导中,它给出了洞察的物理基础的跳跃过程中,一些基本特征的标准TSH算法检索,即i)非零电子跃迁率(“跳跃概率”)在避免交叉; ii)重新调整的核速度,以保存总能量; iii)电子跃迁率线性的非绝热耦合矢量。著名的朗道-齐纳模型,然后用于说明。

英文摘要:

Trajectory surface hopping (TSH) is one of the most widely used quantum-classical algorithms for nonadiabatic molecular dynamics. Despite its empirical effectiveness and popularity, a rigorous derivation of TSH as the classical limit of a combined quantum electron-nuclear dynamics is still missing. In this work we aim to elucidate the theoretical basis for the widely used hopping rules. Naturally, we concentrate thereby on the formal aspects of the TSH. Using a Gaussian wave packet limit, we derive the transition rates governing the hopping process at a simple avoided level crossing. In this derivation, which gives insight into the physics underlying the hopping process, some essential features of the standard TSH algorithm are retrieved, namely i) non-zero electronic transition rate ("hopping probability") at avoided crossings; ii) rescaling of the nuclear velocities to conserve total energy; iii) electronic transition rates linear in the nonadiabatic coupling vectors. The well-known Landau-Zener model is then used for illustration.

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