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arXiv 1301.0641astro-ph.SR
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经典金牛T星在不稳定区域吸积的光谱变率

Spectral variability of classical T Tauri stars accreting in an unstable regime

Ryuichi Kurosawa, Marina M. Romanova

摘要:

经典金牛座T星(CTTS)在不同的时间尺度上是可变的。一种类型的可变性可能与物质通过瑞利-泰勒不稳定性的吸积有关,这种不稳定性发生在吸积盘和恒星磁层之间的界面处。在这个制度中,物质在几个临时形成的吸积流或“舌头”,出现在随机位置,并产生随机光度和线的变化。我们使用全球三维磁流体动力学模拟的物质流在稳定和不稳定的吸积制度的结果来计算随时间变化的氢线轮廓和研究其变化行为。在稳定区,一些氢谱线(如H-β、H-γ、H-δ、Pa-β和Br-γ)只在恒星自转周期的一小部分时间内显示出红移的吸收分量,并且它的出现是周期性的。然而,在不稳定的制度,红移的吸收分量是目前相当持久的整个恒星旋转周期,其强度变化非周期性。在稳定的制度,一个有序的吸积漏斗流穿过视线的观察者只有一次,而在不稳定的制度,几个吸积流/舌头,这是随机形成的,穿过视线的观察者。后者的结果在准稳态外观的红移吸收,尽管强烈不稳定的性质的吸积。在不稳定状态下,恒星表面会形成多个热点,产生随机光变曲线,每个旋转周期有多个峰值。这项研究表明,CTTS表现出随机光变曲线和随机线的变化,而持久的红移吸收成分,可能是吸积在不稳定的吸积制度。

英文摘要:

Classical T Tauri stars (CTTSs) are variable in different time-scales. One type of variability is possibly connected with the accretion of matter through the Rayleigh-Taylor instability that occurs at the interface between an accretion disc and a stellar magnetosphere. In this regime, matter accretes in several temporarily formed accretion streams or `tongues' which appear in random locations, and produce stochastic photometric and line variability. We use the results of global three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of matter flows in both stable and unstable accretion regimes to calculate time-dependent hydrogen line profiles and study their variability behaviours. In the stable regime, some hydrogen lines (e.g. H-beta, H-gamma, H-delta, Pa-beta and Br-gamma) show a redshifted absorption component only during a fraction of a stellar rotation period, and its occurrence is periodic. However, in the unstable regime, the redshifted absorption component is present rather persistently during a whole stellar rotation cycle, and its strength varies non-periodically. In the stable regime, an ordered accretion funnel stream passes across the line of sight to an observer only once per stellar rotation period while in the unstable regime, several accreting streams/tongues, which are formed randomly, pass across the line of sight to an observer. The latter results in the quasi-stationarity appearance of the redshifted absorption despite the strongly unstable nature of the accretion. In the unstable regime, multiple hot spots form on the surface of the star, producing the stochastic light curve with several peaks per rotation period. This study suggests a CTTS that exhibits a stochastic light curve and a stochastic line variability, with a rather persistent redshifted absorption component, may be accreting in the unstable accretion regime.

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