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arXiv 0909.0218astro-ph.SR
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金牛座T吸积激波的X射线光学深度诊断

X-ray optical depth diagnostics of T Tauri accretion shocks

C. Argiroffi, A. Maggio, G. Peres, J. J. Drake, J. Lopez Santiago, S. Sciortino, B. Stelzer

摘要:

在经典的金牛座T型恒星中,X射线是由两种等离子体成分产生的:一种是热的低密度等离子体,具有频繁的耀斑活动,另一种是高密度的低温等离子体。前者是与恒星磁活动有关的日冕等离子体。后一种成分,在非吸积恒星中从未观察到,可能是由吸积过程形成的冲击加热的等离子体。但其性质仍在争论中。我们的目标是探测经典金牛座T星中高密度等离子体成分的软X射线发射,以检查这是在吸积激波中加热的等离子体还是日冕等离子体。高分辨率X射线光谱学使我们能够测量单个谱线通量。我们分析了经典的金牛座T型星苍蝇座MP和长蛇座TW的X射线谱。我们的目标是评估线比,以搜索光学深度的影响,这是预计在吸积驱动的情况下。我们还导出了等离子体发射测度分布EMD,以研究吸积和非吸积年轻星的EMD是否以及如何不同。结果进行了比较,获得的非吸积弱线金牛座T星TWA 5。我们发现MP Mus最强谱线中存在共振散射的证据,支持了软X射线是由吸积激波中加热的等离子体产生的观点。我们还发现MP Mus的EMD有两个峰:一个冷峰在吸积激波中加热的等离子体的预期温度,和一个典型的日冕等离子体的热峰。Mp Mus的EMD的形状似乎是一个纯日冕源的EMD的叠加,如TWA 5,和一个类似于TW Hydrae的EMD,而不是由冲击加热的等离子体主导。

英文摘要:

In classical T Tauri stars, X-rays are produced by two plasma components: a hot low-density plasma, with frequent flaring activity, and a high-density lower temperature plasma. The former is coronal plasma related to the stellar magnetic activity. The latter component, never observed in non-accreting stars, could be plasma heated by the shock formed by the accretion process. However its nature is still being debated. Our aim is to probe the soft X-ray emission from the high-density plasma component in classical T Tauri stars to check whether this is plasma heated in the accretion shock or whether it is coronal plasma. High-resolution X-ray spectroscopy allows us to measure individual line fluxes. We analyze X-ray spectra of the classical T Tauri stars MP Muscae and TW Hydrae. Our aim is to evaluate line ratios to search for optical depth effects, which are expected in the accretion-driven scenario. We also derive the plasma emission measure distributions EMD, to investigate whether and how the EMD of accreting and non accreting young stars differ. The results are compared to those obtained for the non-accreting weak-line T Tauri star TWA 5. We find evidence of resonance scattering in the strongest lines of MP Mus, supporting the idea that soft X-rays are produced by plasma heated in the accretion shock. We also find that the EMD of MP Mus has two peaks: a cool peak at temperatures expected for plasma heated in the accretion shock, and a hot peak typical of coronal plasma. The shape of the EMD of MP Mus appears to be the superposition of the EMD of a pure coronal source, like TWA 5, and an EMD alike that of TW Hydrae, which is instead dominated by shock-heated plasma.

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