超导电性、超流性和全息术
Superconductivity, Superfluidity and Holography
摘要：
这是一个全息超导体和超流体的简要回顾。我们强调了全息模型的一些预测，重点是物理方面，而不是技术细节，尽管系统地提供了一些理解后者的参考。我们包括在讨论中的间隙系统，由高温超导物理的动机。为了做到这一点，我们考虑一个紧化的额外维（半径为R），或者，一个量子场。第一种设置也可以用来模拟圆柱形超导体;当这些被轴向磁场探测时，全息术的普遍性质出现了：而对于大R（与问题中的其他尺度相比），非局部算子被抑制，导致所谓的小帕克斯周期性，相反的限制显示了非局部效应，例如提升小帕克斯周期性。这种差异在重力方面对应于霍金-佩奇相变。
英文摘要：
This is a concise review of holographic superconductors and superfluids. We highlight some predictions of the holographic models and the emphasis is given to physical aspects rather than to the technical details, although some references to understand the latter are systematically provided. We include gapped systems in the discussion, motivated by the physics of high-temperature superconductivity. In order to do so we consider a compactified extra dimension (with radius R), or, alternatively, a dilatonic field. The first setup can also be used to model cylindrical superconductors; when these are probed by an axial magnetic field a universal property of holography emerges: while for large R (compared to the other scales in the problem) non-local operators are suppressed, leading to the so called Little-Parks periodicity, the opposite limit shows non-local effects, e.g. the uplifting of the Little-Parks periodicity. This difference corresponds in the gravity side to a Hawking-Page phase transition.
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