Flavor超导与超流
Flavor Superconductivity & Superfluidity
摘要：
在这些课堂讲稿中，我们导出p波超导体和超流体的一般全息弦论实现。为此，我们还审查基本的D-膜物理，规范/重力方法在有限温度下，超导性的关键概念和最近的进展，在不同的实现全息超导体和超流体。然后，我们专注于一个D3/D 7-膜结构产生超导或超流矢量凝聚。相应的规范理论是具有SU（N）色和SU（2）味对称性的3+1维N=2超对称Yang-Mills理论。它显示了一个二级相变到一个阶段，其中SU（2）对称性的U（1）子群自发破缺，并出现典型的超导特征，如导电性（伪）间隙和迈斯纳-奥克森菲尔德效应。这种性质的凝聚体与最近在p波超导体中实验发现的那些相媲美，例如一种双烯化合物。利用相应的场论自由度的精确知识，给出了配对机制和凝聚的弦图。
英文摘要：
In these lecture notes we derive a generic holographic string theory realization of a p-wave superconductor and superfluid. For this purpose we also review basic D-brane physics, gauge/gravity methods at finite temperature, key concepts of superconductivity and recent progress in distinct realizations of holographic superconductors and superfluids. Then we focus on a D3/D7-brane construction yielding a superconducting or superfluid vector-condensate. The corresponding gauge theory is 3+1-dimensional N=2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with SU(N) color and SU(2) flavor symmetry. It shows a second order phase transition to a phase in which a U(1) subgroup of the SU(2) symmetry is spontaneously broken and typical superconductivity signatures emerge, such as a conductivity (pseudo-)gap and the Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect. Condensates of this nature are comparable to those recently found experimentally in p-wave superconductors such as a ruthenate compound. A string picture of the pairing mechanism and condensation is given using the exact knowledge of the corresponding field theory degrees of freedom.
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