We study the problem of finding and characterizing subgraphs with small \textit{bipartiteness ratio}. We give a bicriteria approximation algorithm \verb|SwpDB| such that if there exists a subset $S$ of volume at most $k$ and bipartiteness ratio $θ$, then for any $0<ε<1/2$, it finds a set $S'$ of volume at most $2k^{1+ε}$ and bipartiteness ratio at most $4\sqrt{θ/ε}$. By combining a truncation operation, we give a local algorithm \verb|LocDB|, which has asymptotically the same approximation guarantee as the algorithm \verb|SwpDB| on both the volume and bipartiteness ratio of the output set, and runs in time $O(ε^2θ^{-2}k^{1+ε}\ln^3k)$, independent of the size of the graph. Finally, we give a spectral characterization of the small dense bipartite-like subgraphs by using the $k$th \textit{largest} eigenvalue of the Laplacian of the graph.
Alon和Krivelevich(SIAM J. Discrete Math.15(2):211-227(2002))证明了如果一个图是ε-远离二部的,那么由O(1/ε)个顶点的随机子集导出的子图是二部的概率很高。我们猜想导出子图是Ω~(ε)-远离二部图的概率很高。Gonen和Ron(Random 2007)在所有顶点的度至多为O(εn)的情况下证明了这个猜想。我们给出了一个更一般的证明,适用于任何d-正则(或几乎d-正则)图的任意度d。假设这个猜想,我们证明了二分性是可测试的,时间上的单侧误差为O(1/ε^c),其中c是严格小于2的常数,改进了Alon和Krivelevich的测试器。众所周知,用于二分性的非自适应测试器需要Ω(1/ε^2)查询(Bogdanov and Trevisan,CCC 2004),我们的结果表明,假设猜想,自适应有助于测试二分性。
$O(\log n)$-Approximation Algorithms for Bipartiteness Ratio
The Institute of Statistical Mathematics(统计数学研究所);RIKEN AIP(理化学研究院人工智能中心);National Institute of Informatics(信息学国立研究所);University of California, Santa Cruz(加利福尼亚大学圣克鲁兹分校)
本文针对无向图二分比提出了 $O(\log n)$-近似算法,通过扩展 cut-matching game 框架仅需 polylog n 次最大流计算实现近线性时间运行,并应用于最小未割问题,同时提出了二分比的有向模拟及近似算法。