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arXiv 1703.09083cs.GTcs.DS
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加权稳定匹配问题

The weighted stable matching problem

Linda Farczadi, Natália Guričanová

摘要:

研究了非二部图中具有不完全但严格偏好列表的稳定匹配问题,其中边具有权值,目标是计算最小或最大权值的稳定匹配.这个问题一般来说是NP难的。我们的贡献是两方面的:一个多面体的特点和近似算法。以前Chen等人已经证明了稳定匹配多面体是整数当且仅当运行Irving算法的第一阶段后得到的子图是二分的。我们改进了这一结果表明,有这样的情况下,这个子图可能不是二部的,但可以进一步消除一些边缘,并达到一个二部子图。我们的消除过程确保了稳定匹配的集合保持不变,因此最终子图的稳定匹配多面体包含了原始图的所有稳定匹配的关联向量。这使我们能够描述更大的一类加权稳定匹配问题是多项式时间可解的实例。我们还表明,我们的边缘消除过程是最好的,这意味着,如果我们到达的子图不是二部的,那么没有二部子图,具有相同的一组稳定匹配的原始图。我们补充这些结果与$2$ -近似算法的最小权重稳定匹配问题的实例中,每个代理最多有两个可能的合作伙伴在任何稳定的匹配。这是具有一般权重的任何类别的实例的第一个近似结果。

英文摘要:

We study the stable matching problem in non-bipartite graphs with incomplete but strict preference lists, where the edges have weights and the goal is to compute a stable matching of minimum or maximum weight. This problem is known to be NP-hard in general. Our contribution is two fold: a polyhedral characterization and an approximation algorithm. Previously Chen et al. have shown that the stable matching polytope is integral if and only if the subgraph obtained after running phase one of Irving's algorithm is bipartite. We improve upon this result by showing that there are instances where this subgraph might not be bipartite but one can further eliminate some edges and arrive at a bipartite subgraph. Our elimination procedure ensures that the set of stable matchings remains the same, and thus the stable matching polytope of the final subgraph contains the incidence vectors of all stable matchings of our original graph. This allows us to characterize a larger class of instances for which the weighted stable matching problem is polynomial-time solvable. We also show that our edge elimination procedure is best possible, meaning that if the subgraph we arrive at is not bipartite, then there is no bipartite subgraph that has the same set of stable matchings as the original graph. We complement these results with a $2$-approximation algorithm for the minimum weight stable matching problem for instances where each agent has at most two possible partners in any stable matching. This is the first approximation result for any class of instances with general weights.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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