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arXiv 1209.3969astro-ph.EP
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碰撞活动碎片盘中的行星特征:散射光图像

Planet Signatures in Collisionally Active Debris Discs: scattered light images

Philippe Thebault, Quentin Kral, Steve Ertel

摘要:

行星摄动经常被援引作为对碎片盘中成像的许多空间结构的潜在解释。到目前为止,这个问题主要是研究与无碰撞N体数值模型。我们数值研究如何耦合效应的碰撞和辐射压力可以影响的形成和生存的径向和方位角结构的磁盘扰动的行星。我们考虑两种设置:一个行星嵌入在一个扩展的磁盘和行星外部的内部碎片环。我们使用Thebault(2012)的DyCoSS代码,并在散射光中导出系统的合成图像。行星的质量和轨道,以及光盘的碰撞活动的自由参数进行了探讨。我们发现,碰撞总是显着阻尼行星诱导的结构。对于嵌入行星的情况,如果M_planet> M_Saturn,行星的签名,主要是其径向位置周围的密度差距,应该在正面图像中仍然可以检测到。然而,如果系统是从侧面观察,推断行星的存在要困难得多,尽管在有利的条件下可能会观察到一些行星引起的信号。对于内环/外行星的情况,行星摄动不能阻止碰撞产生的小碎片填充环外的区域:环外的径向光度分布接近于没有行星时的光度分布。然而,一颗在圆形轨道上的类木行星会留下进动的方位结构,可以用来间接推断它的存在。对于一颗在偏心轨道上的行星来说,环是椭圆形的,尽管有碰撞和辐射压力,但近心辉光效应是可见的,但在真实的圆盘中检测到这些特征并不能明确地指示外行星的存在。

英文摘要:

Planet perturbations are often invoked as a potential explanation for many spatial structures that have been imaged in debris discs. So far this issue has been mostly investigated with collisionless N-body numerical models. We numerically investigate how the coupled effect of collisions and radiation pressure can affect the formation and survival of radial and azimutal structures in a disc perturbed by a planet. We consider two set-ups: a planet embedded within an extended disc and a planet exterior to an inner debris ring. We use the DyCoSS code of Thebault(2012) and derive synthetic images of the system in scattered light. The planet's mass and orbit, as well as the disc's collisional activity are explored as free parameters. We find that collisions always significantly damp planet-induced structures. For the case of an embedded planet, the planet's signature, mostly a density gap around its radial position, should remain detectable in head-on images if M_planet > M_Saturn. If the system is seen edge-on, however, inferring the presence of the planet is much more difficult, although some planet-induced signatures might be observable under favourable conditions. For the inner-ring/external-planet case, planetary perturbations cannot prevent collision-produced small fragments from populating the regions beyond the ring: The radial luminosity profile exterior to the ring is close to the one it should have in the absence of the planet. However, a Jovian planet on a circular orbit leaves precessing azimutal structures that can be used to indirectly infer its presence. For a planet on an eccentric orbit, the ring is elliptic and the pericentre glow effect is visible despite of collisions and radiation pressure, but detecting such features in real discs is not an unambiguous indicator of the presence of an outer planet.

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