ALMA调查以解析外圈带亚结构（ARKS）V：散射光与热发射的比较
The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) V: Comparison between scattered light and thermal emission
AI总结：
ALMA调查通过比较散射光与热发射，研究尘埃盘中尘埃分布差异及其与气体的关系。
AI中文摘要：
尘埃盘是类比于主序星周围我们的柯伊伯带的类比物，因此被称为外柯伊伯带。它们在光学到亚毫米波-毫米波波段的高角分辨率下已被解析。短波长探测此类盘的散射光，这主要由微米级尘埃颗粒主导，而毫米波长探测毫米级颗粒的热发射。确定毫米波和微米波尘埃分布之间的差异对于揭示尘埃盘中尘埃所受的动力学过程至关重要。我们旨在比较ALMA调查以解析外圈带亚结构（ARKS）的盘的散射光与ALMA探测的热发射。我们关注尘埃的径向分布。我们使用VLT/SPHERE、GPI和HST获得的高对比度散射光观测，对这些系统的尘埃分布进行了统一研究，并将其与ARKS项目中进行的ALMA观测提取的尘埃分布进行比较。我们还利用这些高对比度图像与系外行星演化模型结合，对行星的存在设定了约束。ARKS样本中的24个尘埃盘中有15个在散射光中被探测到，其中TYC9340-437-1首次在近红外波长下成像。对于其中6个尘埃盘，散射光中观测到的尘埃表面积密度峰值比ALMA观测到的更远。这些6个尘埃盘中除了一个外，都已知还存在冷CO气体。相反，没有显著偏移的系统不被认为有气体，除了一个。这项观测研究表明，尘埃盘中气体的存在可能对小和大颗粒产生不同的影响，将小尘埃推到更远的距离，那里气体较少。
英文摘要：
Debris discs are analogues to our own Kuiper belt around main-sequence stars and are therefore referred to as exoKuiper belts. They have been resolved at high angular resolution at wavelengths spanning the optical to the submillimetre-millimetre regime. Short wavelengths probe the light scattered by such discs, which is dominated by micron-sized dust particles, while millimetre wavelengths probe the thermal emission of millimetre-sized particles. Determining differences in the dust distribution between millimetre- and micron-sized dust is fundamental to revealing the dynamical processes affecting the dust in debris discs. We aim to compare the scattered light from the discs of the ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) with the thermal emission probed by ALMA. We focus on the radial distribution of the dust. We used high-contrast scattered light observations obtained with VLT/SPHERE, GPI, and the HST to uniformly study the dust distribution in those systems and compare it to the dust distribution extracted from the ALMA observations carried out in the course of the ARKS project. We also set constraints on the presence of planets by using these high-contrast images combined with exoplanet evolutionary models. 15 of the 24 discs comprising the ARKS sample are detected in scattered light, with TYC9340-437-1 being imaged for the first time at near-infrared wavelengths. For 6 of those 15 discs, the dust surface density seen in scattered light peaks farther out compared to that observed with ALMA. These 6 discs except one are known to also host cold CO gas. Conversely, the systems without significant offsets are not known to host gas, except one. This observational study suggests that the presence of gas in debris discs may affect the small and large grains differently, pushing the small dust to greater distances where the gas is less abundant.
