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arXiv 2109.10099astro-ph.SRastro-ph.EP
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星周盘散射光的象限偏振参数。碎片盘模型分析和HR 4796 A的观测

Quadrant polarization parameters for the scattered light of circumstellar disks. Analysis of debris disk models and observations of HR 4796A

H. M. Schmid

备注：
21 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
发表信息：
A&A 655, A83 (2021)
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摘要：

本文引入四象限偏振参数$Q_{000}$，$Q_{090}$，$Q_{180}$，$Q_{270}$（Stokes $Q$）和$U_{045}$，$U_{135}$，$U_{225}$，$U_{315}$（Stokes $U$），用于描述空间分辨星周盘散射偏振的方位依赖性。这些参数是基于自然斯托克斯$Q$和$U$象限图案产生的拱星散射。他们提供了一个简单的测试的磁盘几何形状的偏差从轴对称，并可用于限制光学薄磁盘的散射相函数没有详细的模型拟合的磁盘图像。这些参数很容易从观测和模型计算中得到，因此非常适合于系统地研究星周盘中的尘埃散射。它示出的光学薄和旋转对称的碎片磁盘的模型，象限参数归一化的综合方位角偏振或象限比一样$Q_{000}/Q_{180}$只取决于磁盘倾角$i$和偏振散射相函数的灰尘，他们不依赖于散射发射率的径向分布。由于$i$通常是众所周知的解决磁盘，我们可以推导出的形状的相位函数的采样散射角范围。这一结论也适用于碎片盘所观察到的垂直延伸模型。诊断图计算归一化象限参数和象限比的偏振Henyey-Greenstein散射相函数的不对称参数$g$的测定。我们将这些图表应用于HR 4796 A的测量，并发现只有一个参数的相位函数不能很好地再现数据，但找到了一个更好的解决方案与三个参数的相位函数。

英文摘要：

This paper introduces the quadrant polarization parameters $Q_{000}$, $Q_{090}$, $Q_{180}$, $Q_{270}$ for Stokes $Q$ and $U_{045}$, $U_{135}$, $U_{225}$, $U_{315}$ for Stokes $U$ for the characterization of the azimuthal dependence of the scattering polarization of spatially resolved circumstellar disks illuminated by the central star. These parameters are based on the natural Stokes $Q$ and $U$ quadrant pattern produced by circumstellar scattering. They provide a simple test of the deviations of the disk geometry from axisymmetry and can be used to constrain the scattering phase function for optically thin disks without detailed model fitting of disk images. The parameters are easy to derive from observations and model calculations and are therefore well suited to systematic studies of the dust scattering in circumstellar disks. It is shown for models of optically thin and rotationally symmetric debris disks that the quadrant parameters normalized to the integrated azimuthal polarization or quadrant ratios like $Q_{000}/Q_{180}$ depend only on the disk inclination $i$ and the polarized scattering phase function of the dust, and they do not depend on the radial distribution of the scattering emissivity. Because $i$ is usually well known for resolved disk, we can derive the shape of the phase function for the sampled scattering angle range. This finding also applies to models with vertical extensions as observed for debris disks. Diagnostic diagrams are calculated for normalized quadrant parameters and quadrant ratios for the determination of the asymmetry parameter $g$ of the polarized Henyey-Greenstein scattering phase function. We apply these diagrams to measurements of HR 4796A, and find that a phase function with only one parameter does not reproduce the data well, but find a better solution with a three-parameter phase function.

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