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arXiv 1209.3799astro-ph.EP
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根据Cassini-CIRS远红外光谱推断土星环的风化层粒度

Regolith grain sizes of Saturn's rings inferred from Cassini-CIRS far-infrared spectra

Ryuji Morishima, Scott G. Edgington, Linda Spilker

摘要:

我们分析了远红外(10-650厘米$^{-1}$)发射率光谱的土星的主要环的卡西尼复合红外光谱仪(CIRS)。在光谱建模中,使用Mie理论计算风化层颗粒的单次散射散射率,使用δ-爱丁顿近似去除衍射,并且使用Hapke的各向同性散射模型计算宏观自由漂浮的环形颗粒的半球发射率。仅考虑纯结晶水冰,并估计了风化颗粒的粒度分布。我们发现,如果尺寸分布范围从1 $μ$ m到1-10 cm,幂律指数为$ \sim 3$,则得到良好的拟合。这意味着,最大的风化颗粒的尺寸与最小的自由漂浮颗粒相当,并且自由漂浮颗粒和风化颗粒的幂律指数彼此相似。小颗粒的表观相对丰度随着太阳相位角的减小(或平均温度的增加)而增加。这种趋势是特别强的C环,可能是由日食冷却土星的阴影,这相对抑制升温的颗粒大于热趋肤深度($\sim$ 1毫米)下随后的太阳照射。

英文摘要:

We analyze far-infrared (10-650 cm$^{-1}$) emissivity spectra of Saturn's main rings obtained by the Cassini Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS). In modeling of the spectra, the single scattering albedos of regolith grains are calculated using the Mie theory, diffraction is removed with the delta-Eddington approximation, and the hemispherical emissivities of macroscopic free-floating ring particles are calculated using the Hapke's isotropic scattering model. Only pure crystalline water ice is considered and the size distribution of regolith grains is estimated. We find that good fits are obtained if the size distribution is broad ranging from 1 $μ$m to 1-10 cm with a power law index of $ \sim 3$. This means that the largest regolith grains are comparable to the smallest free-floating particles in size and that the power law indices for both free-floating particles and regolith grains are similar to each other. The apparent relative abundance of small grains increases with decreasing solar phase angle (or increasing mean temperature). This trend is particularly strong for the C ring and is probably caused by eclipse cooling in Saturn's shadow, which relatively suppresses warming up of grains larger than the thermal skin depth ($\sim$ 1 mm) under subsequent solar illumination.

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