土星闪电观测综述
Overview of Saturn lightning observations
摘要：
卡西尼号已经对土星大气层中的闪电活动进行了六年多的监测。对被称为SED（土星静电放电）的无线电特征的连续观测与相关云特征的成像观测以及对闪光照明云顶的直接观测相结合。在土星轨道上的卡西尼RPWS（无线电和等离子体波科学）仪器和ISS（成像科学子系统）也得到了地面支持：巨大的UTR-2射电望远镜也探测到了强烈的SED无线电波，并且致力于业余爱好者用他们后院的光学望远镜观察到了与SED相关的白点。此外，卡西尼VIMS（可见光和红外线测绘光谱仪）和CIRS（复合红外线光谱仪）仪器提供了一些关于可能由闪电放电产生并通过垂直对流向上输送到土星高层大气的化学成分的信息。在本文中，我们总结了土星闪电的主要结果提供了这种多仪器的方法，并比较土星闪电的木星和地球上的闪电。
英文摘要：
The lightning activity in Saturn's atmosphere has been monitored by Cassini for more than six years. The continuous observations of the radio signatures called SEDs (Saturn Electrostatic Discharges) combine favorably with imaging observations of related cloud features as well as direct observations of flash-illuminated cloud tops. The Cassini RPWS (Radio and Plasma Wave Science) instrument and ISS (Imaging Science Subsystem) in orbit around Saturn also received ground-based support: The intense SED radio waves were also detected by the giant UTR-2 radio telescope, and committed amateurs observed SED-related white spots with their backyard optical telescopes. Furthermore, the Cassini VIMS (Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer) and CIRS (Composite Infrared Spectrometer) instruments have provided some information on chemical constituents possibly created by the lightning discharges and transported upward to Saturn's upper atmosphere by vertical convection. In this paper we summarize the main results on Saturn lightning provided by this multi-instrumental approach and compare Saturn lightning to lightning on Jupiter and Earth.
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